What is rectal tubular adenoma?

Rectal tubular adenoma, also known as colonic tubular adenoma, is a polypous lesion formed on the surface of the colon mucosa. Depending on the condition of the disease, some are benign tumors, while others are the result of inflammatory hyperplasia. After falling ill, surgical treatment is required. This disease is relatively complicated and requires us to have a comprehensive understanding of it. So, what is a rectal tubular adenoma? Let’s take a look below.

Colonic adenoma refers to the raised lesions that protrude from the surface of the colon mucosa into the intestinal cavity, including adenomas (including villous adenomas), other types of polyps in children, inflammatory polyps and polyposis. From a pathological point of view, the contents vary, some are benign tumors, and some are the result of inflammatory hyperplasia. Distinguishing the nature of colorectal adenomas should determine the choice of surgical treatment options, as well as the important guarantee of the patient's prognosis with traditional Chinese medicine.

Causes: Researchers at the University of Washington reported at the 2006 Digestive Disease Week that women with type 2 diabetes have an 80% increased risk of developing colorectal adenomas compared with non-diabetic women. The presence of diabetes plus obesity more than doubles the risk of colorectal adenomas and adenomas detected at a more advanced stage compared with nonobese, nondiabetic women. Dr. Jill E Elwing and colleagues studied 100 women with type 2 diabetes and 500 women without diabetes who underwent screening colonoscopy. The mean age of patients in the diabetic group was 60 years, 41% were white, and 10% had a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer. The mean body mass index was 34.4, and 29% used insulin. The hormonal status of the nondiabetic control group was comparable. The mean age was 59 years, 68% were white, the mean BMI was 28.5, and 7% were first-degree relatives.

Any adenoma that was rather villous or tubulovillous and greater than 1 cm in diameter or an advanced adenoma or any high-grade dysplasia met the definition of adenoma for this study. The adenoma incidence was 37% in women and 24% in nondiabetic women. So the odds are 1.80. The incidence of advanced adenomas in diabetic women was 14%, while that in non-diabetic women was 6%, with an odds ratio of 2.4. Compared with non-obese, non-diabetic women, the odds of any adenoma and advanced adenoma in obese diabetic women were 2.6 and 3.5, respectively. As a possible cause linking diabetes and colorectal adenomas, the effect of hyperinsulinemia may be the poor cause. Insulin itself is a growth factor. It may have a direct role in promoting tumorigenesis in humans, or it may act indirectly through growth factor-1.

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