How to get rid of bulging eardrums

Many people feel swelling and pain in their ears. In fact, it is not impossible to eliminate this situation. We need to find the correct and reasonable way to treat it. Generally, medication is the main method. We need to understand the structure of the ear first. The ear itself is quite special, and some gaps are very small, so it is more difficult to control with medication.

Tympanic membrane morphology: The long diameter of the adult tympanic membrane is about 9 mm, the width is about 8 mm, and the thickness is about 0.1 mm. Tympanic membrane structure Although the tympanic membrane is very thin, its anatomical structure has three layers (pars tense):

①The epithelial layer is continuous with the skin of the external auditory canal. It is a stratified squamous epithelium.

②The middle layer is composed of radial and circular cilia, so it has a certain elasticity and tension. It is a fibrous layer (radial on the outside and wheel-shaped on the inside). There is a small part above the eardrum that does not have the middle fibrous layer and is relatively thin and loose, called the flaccid part. The part of the eardrum with the fibrous layer is called the tense part. The handle of the malleus is attached to the middle of the fibrous layer.

③The inner layer is the mucosal layer, which is continuous with the tympanic mucosa. It is composed of a single layer of squamous epithelium and a thin layer of loose connective tissue.

After the tympanic membrane is perforated, the outer epithelial layer and the inner mucosal layer can regenerate, but the middle layer has no regenerative ability. The pars flaccida tympanic membrane lacks the middle layer.

The handle of the malleus is embedded in the tympanic membrane from top to bottom, and is above the center of the tympanic membrane, thus pulling the tympanic membrane inward and making it funnel-shaped, much like a radio speaker. The central depression is called the umbilicus of the tympanic membrane. From the umbilicus upward and slightly forward to the upper edge of the tense part, there is a small grayish-white dot-shaped protrusion called the hammer bulge, which is the part of the malleus that pushes up against the tympanic membrane, clinically called the short process of the malleus. The hammer protrusion is caused by the short process of the hammer bone pushing up the eardrum. On the surface of the tympanic membrane, there is a white stripe running diagonally from the front to the back between the umbilicus and the hammer. It is formed by the handle of the hammer bone migrating into the tympanic membrane and is called the hammer pattern. The end of the meridian line is exactly in the center of the eardrum, called the umbilicus. There is a triangular reflective area in front and below the navel, extending from the navel forward to the edge of the eardrum, which is called the light cone. The light cone is caused by the reflection of light projected onto the eardrum. When the shape of the eardrum changes, the shape and position of the light cone often change accordingly.

There is a fold in front and on the side of the hammer bulge. The former is called the anterior fold and the latter is called the posterior fold. Above this fold, the tympanic membrane is looser, called the pars flaccida, which is directly attached to the squamous part of the temporal bone. Below it is the tense part, which is embedded in the tympanic groove of the tympanic bone through the tympanic ring.

For the purpose of clinical records, the tympanic membrane is often divided into four quadrants. That is, an imaginary straight line is drawn along the handle of the malleus, and another straight line is drawn through the umbilicus of the tympanic membrane and intersects it perpendicularly. The tympanic membrane can be divided into four quadrants: anterior superior, anterior inferior, posterior superior, and posterior inferior.