What are the stages of chronic kidney disease?

Although chronic kidney disease generally progresses slowly, timely treatment is crucial. If chronic kidney disease is not treated promptly, targeted and effectively, it can easily lead to worsening of the disease and may eventually cause uremia. Many people do not pay attention to kidney disease, which leads to renal failure and late stage when they seek medical treatment, making treatment very difficult. In fact, chronic kidney disease is divided into stages. So how is chronic kidney disease staged?

The first stage is the compensatory period of renal function reserve. Because the kidney has a large reserve compensatory capacity, although the renal function is reduced clinically, its ability to excrete metabolites and regulate water and electrolyte balance can still meet normal needs. There are no clinical symptoms, and renal function tests are also within the normal range or occasionally slightly higher. Stage II renal insufficiency. The glomeruli have been severely damaged, 60%-75%. The kidneys have some difficulty excreting metabolic waste, and creatinine urea nitrogen may be high or exceed normal values. Patients may experience anemia, fatigue, weight loss, and difficulty concentrating. But it is often ignored. If there is dehydration, infection, bleeding, etc., obvious symptoms will soon appear.

Stage III renal failure. The kidney function has been severely damaged, 75%-95%, and cannot maintain the stability of the body's internal environment. The patient is prone to fatigue, weakness, inability to concentrate and other symptoms have worsened, anemia is obvious, nocturia increases, blood creatinine and urea nitrogen increase significantly, and acidosis is often present. This stage is also called the azotemia stage. Stage IV uremia or end-stage renal insufficiency. At this stage, glomerular damage has exceeded 95%, and there are serious clinical symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, oliguria, edema, malignant hypertension, severe anemia, itchy skin, and a foul smell of urine in the mouth.

Children, young adults, and the elderly may all be affected by chronic kidney disease, especially the following six high-risk groups:

Patients with diabetes and hypertension, especially those with long-term illness and poor control of blood sugar and blood pressure;

Patients with metabolic diseases, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, etc.;

Those with a family history of kidney disease, such as a direct relative with polycystic kidney disease;

People aged 65 and above;

People who take nephrotoxic drugs for a long time.

In addition to high-risk groups, chronic kidney disease may also be induced if you have bad habits such as eating too salty food, drinking little water, and often holding urine.

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