It is inevitable to get injured while working. If the wound is not cleaned in time, rust will enter the wound and cause infection. If the wound is small, there is no need to worry. It is usually treated with medication and diet. Disinfect the wound more often, change the dressing frequently, keep the wound dry, and keep a light diet. If the wound is relatively large, it is best to get a tetanus shot after rust enters, and pay attention to wound hygiene. Many people have been injured, some bleed a little, some don’t bleed, or are pierced by a nail, and then they rush to get a tetanus shot, but in fact there is no need to do so. A tetanus shot is needed when the wound is deep beneath the skin. It is not necessary for minor injuries such as abrasions. If you really need a tetanus shot, you should first treat the wound in time, and clean and disinfect it with soapy water or, if possible, hydrogen peroxide. Do not give tetanus toxin a chance to take effect. Also, after cleaning, do not bandage the wound too tightly to prevent the wound inside from closing and creating space for the tetanus toxin to multiply. Large wounds can be wrapped with cloth and medical treatment can be sought quickly. Tetanus shots should generally be given within one day, but if you delay it beyond one day, the shot will still be effective, albeit with slightly weaker efficacy. If the wound is very large, deep and severe, we can give you another injection a week later to consolidate the effect. It should be noted that tetanus and rabies vaccines are two different things, and many people confuse them. Rabies vaccine mainly refers to the vaccine that must be taken when you are deeply bitten by dogs or cats. Tetanus is caused by injuries such as falls and punctures. How to deal with tetanus in daily life (I) General care 1. Environmental requirements: The patient should be placed in an isolation ward which should be light-proof, quiet, with a temperature of 15-20°C and a humidity of approximately 60%. The ward is fully equipped with first aid medicines and supplies to promptly deal with some serious complications, such as difficulty breathing, suffocation, etc. 2. Reduce external stimulation; arrange nursing treatment in a concentrated and orderly manner, and try to complete it within the period of time required to control the spasm attack; reduce visits to avoid disturbing the patient. 3. Keep the intravenous infusion route unobstructed 4. Strictly isolate and disinfect and strictly implement aseptic techniques; nursing staff should wear isolation clothing; the patient's supplies and excrement should be disinfected, and the replaced wound dressings should be burned to prevent cross infection. (ii) Respiratory management 1. Keep the airway open. For severe patients with frequent convulsions that are difficult to control with drugs, tracheotomy should be performed as soon as possible to improve ventilation. 2. For a period of time after the convulsion attack is controlled, assist the patient to turn over and tap the back to facilitate expectoration; suction sputum when necessary to prevent sputum blockage; give nebulization inhalation to dilute the sputum to facilitate coughing or suctioning of the sputum. Tracheotomy patients should be given airway humidification. 3. Patients should be careful to avoid choking and aspiration when eating. Strengthen nutrition and help patients eat high-calorie, high-protein, and high-vitamin foods; eat small amounts and multiple times to avoid choking and aspiration; for those with severe conditions, provide enteral and extra-partum nutrition to maintain normal human needs. |
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