Sleep disorder diagnosis and treatment

Sleep disorders can cause patients to toss and turn and be unable to fall asleep. Even if there are signs of sleep, they still cannot close their eyes and fall asleep peacefully. Patients with sleep disorders need to check the cause first and make a reasonable diagnosis, usually through instrument testing to check the current state of brain waves, and then use medication to assist in treatment.

Inspection method Laboratory examination:

1. The most important way to understand sleep disorders is to use an electroencephalogram (EEG) multi-lead recording device to monitor the sleep process throughout the night. Because complaints of disturbed sleep and daytime sleepiness have a variety of causes, multilead EEG recordings are essential for accurate diagnosis.

2. Various scale measurements such as Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); nocturnal polysomnographic recordings (NPSG); Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), etc.

The NPSG is best used to evaluate endogenous sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and periodic leg movements or recurrent deep sleep states such as REM behavior disorder or nocturnal head movements. Evaluation of insomnia, especially insomnia characterized by difficulty falling asleep, is not helpful.

The MSLT is often performed after the NPSG to evaluate excessive sleepiness. This method can often detect excessive daytime sleepiness and the REM phase at the beginning of sleep in narcolepsy. The MSLT should be performed during the patient's normal wake cycle and followed by a normal night's sleep.

Other auxiliary examinations:

Based on the history and focused neurological examination, other necessary and selective auxiliary examinations include:

1.CT, MRI and other examinations.

2. Routine blood test, blood electrolytes, blood sugar, and urea nitrogen.

3. Electrocardiogram, abdominal B-ultrasound, and chest X-ray.