The most effective medicine for preventing asthma

Clinical diagnosis: recurrent wheezing and dyspnea, chest tightness or coughing, often related to contact with allergens, cold air and physical and chemical stimulation, viral upper respiratory tract infection, exercise, etc. Diffuse, predominantly expiratory panting, with prolonged exhalation. Asthma medications can significantly relieve symptoms. The most effective drug for preventing asthma is one that can establish a clinical diagnosis if the above three conditions are met. If the response after follow-up treatment is consistent with the pattern of asthma, the diagnosis can be confirmed.

1. Allergen detection

In vivo allergen skin spot testing and in vitro specific IgE testing can clarify the patient's allergic symptoms and guide the patient to avoid contact with allergens as much as possible and undergo specific immunotherapy.

2. Pulmonary function test

The main tests include ventilation function test, bronchial dilation test, bronchial provocation test and peak flow rate and its daily variation rate measurement. It is one of the important bases for evaluating the degree of on-site control and helps to diagnose the disease.

3. Chest X-ray

Most of them have no obvious abnormalities. However, patients with severe asthma attacks should undergo routine chest X-ray examinations to pay attention to the presence of complications such as lung infection, atelectasis, pneumothorax, and mediastinal emphysema.

4. Others

Sputum eosinophil or neutrophil counts and feNO (FeNO) can assess airway inflammation associated with the site.

diagnosis

The diagnosis should be made based on clinical manifestations, clinical staging, grading and examinations.

treat

1. Treatment purpose

Treatment should be carried out actively to achieve complete control of symptoms. Protect and maintain lung function as normal as possible. The key to avoiding or reducing adverse drug reactions is a reasonable treatment plan and long-term treatment.

2. Medication

According to their mechanism of action, they can be divided into two categories: bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory. Some drugs have both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects.

(1) Bronchodilators: β2 receptor agonists, theophylline.

(2) Anti-inflammatory drugs: glucocorticoids, leukotriene modifiers, sodium cromolyn and sodium nidolate, anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies, and antihistamines.

3. Long-term treatment

Asthma treatment drugs are divided into controller drugs and reliever drugs according to their role in the long-term treatment of asthma.

(1) Control medications, also known as maintenance medications, refer to medications that need to be used daily for a long time. These medications mainly achieve and maintain clinical control of asthma through anti-inflammatory effects.

(2) Relief medications, also known as emergency medications, are medications used as needed. These medications relieve asthma symptoms by quickly relieving spasms.

(3) Control classification: Treatment should be based on the severity of the patient's condition, and the appropriate treatment plan should be selected according to the control level.

4. Immunotherapy

Asthma is an allergic disease, so immunotherapy occupies a certain position in asthma. Immunotherapy is divided into specific and nonspecific types.

5. Treatment of acute attacks

6. Treatment of special types of asthma