How acne is formed

Acne is caused by inflammation of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicles on the scalp or skin. Skin diseases such as acne can damage the sebaceous glands and the skin. This specific skin disease is common in adolescence. Many of the pimples or blackheads during adolescence are an inflammation caused by blocked hair follicles. There are mainly two types of acne: whitehead acne and blackhead acne. They are more common on the face of adolescents and are also more common in women during their menstrual cycle.

The treatment of acne is special because it becomes an inflammation. It is caused by emotional fluctuations, life pressure or eating habits. Different treatments vary. Therefore, patients must pay attention to good eating habits during the treatment of acne. How is acne formed? Let us briefly introduce it below.

Acne is a multifactorial disease, which is mainly related to increased sebum production, hyperkeratosis of the epithelium at the opening of hair follicles and proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes in hair follicles, and also has certain genetic factors. The development and production of sebaceous glands are controlled by androgens, and the increase of androgens is affected by age, endocrine, genetic and other factors. The sebaceous glands of acne patients are larger and secrete more products than normal people. Due to the increased secretion of sebaceous glands, the level of linoleic acid in sebum is relatively reduced (the two are negatively correlated), which affects the synthesis of fat and causes a lack of fatty acids in the follicular epithelium, thereby inducing excessive keratinization of the follicles, preventing epithelial cells from falling off normally, causing the hair follicle opening to become excessively smaller, and sebum cannot be discharged smoothly, accumulating at the hair follicle opening and forming acne.

Hair follicles are normally inhabited by Propionibacterium acnes (PA), Pityrosporum and Staphylococcus epidermidis. When the free fatty acids increase, Propionibacterium acnes cannot produce enough enzymes to break down sebum, and the stagnant fatty acids cause nonspecific inflammatory reactions around the hair follicles. Propionibacterium acnes can also secrete low-molecular-weight peptides, which attract neutrophils into the hair follicles, causing the release of their hydrolases, which causes the hair follicle epithelium to leak and rupture, resulting in the contents of the hair follicles entering the surrounding dermal tissue, causing a series of clinical manifestations ranging from simple inflammation to papules, abscesses, nodules, and cysts.

The level of 5α-reductase in the skin of acne patients is higher than that of normal people, and 5α-reductase can cause increased sebum. Women with severe acne, sudden onset of acne, irregular menstruation, and elevated androgen levels may have underlying ovarian dysfunction. At the same time, excessive androgen can also cause excessive hair growth, a hoarse voice, increased sexual desire, and men may experience hair loss, acanthosis nigricans, etc.

Mental stress can increase the secretion of the adrenal cortex. Many acne patients may be aggravated by mental factors.

In addition to the above reasons, diet can also affect acne. For example, fat, sugar, spicy food, cocoa, cheese, peanuts, etc. can increase sebum production and aggravate inflammation.

The main reason for the formation of acne is that bacteria parasitize in the hair follicles or the reductase in the skin is higher than normal. Stress can also cause acne and may even aggravate it. Therefore, you must pay attention to maintaining a happy mood mentally and keep a good mood. At the same time, you must also pay attention to your diet because bad eating habits can also cause acne. Many spicy and irritating foods can aggravate acne. You should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to adjust.