Precautions for menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome

Do you know what menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome is? It is a brain disease caused by low estrogen levels leading to structural and functional disorders of the brain. This disease is very serious. If it is not treated in time, death will occur 6 to 12 years after the onset of the disease. It will also cause memory disorders. Let's take a look at the precautions for menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome.

Many people want to know about the precautions for menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome. Menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome has become a very common disease, which is caused by low estrogen secretion in women. It is necessary to be able to receive timely treatment and understand some care measures.

Treatment considerations

1. Cholinesterase inhibitors

2. Correction of calcium homeostasis and antioxidant drugs

(1) Calcium antagonists: Nimodipine has shown good effects on a variety of chemical memory impairment models. It was used almost simultaneously in my country and Germany for Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that it had a significant improvement in cognitive impairment, operational emotions, and social behavior, but had no significant effect on normal people.

(2) Antioxidants: Vitamin E can prevent the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane; the monoamine oxidase inhibitor selegiline has a significant effect on delaying the progression of the disease and improving cognitive status; Ginkgo extract ginkgolides (Egb761), 120 mg/d, also has a significant therapeutic effect; melatonin has the effect of scavenging reactive oxygen and resisting excitotoxic neurotoxicity. Experiments have shown that it can prevent Aβ protein-induced cellular oxidative damage and increase in intracellular calcium, as well as prevent the death of cultured neuroblastomas. With age, the level of melatonin in the body decreases, which is particularly significant in patients. Therefore, this drug and its analogs will have a compensatory therapeutic effect on patients with dementia.

3. Drugs that interfere with the formation and deposition of Aβ: Cholesterase inhibitors can reduce deposition, and estrogen has the effect of improving the normal metabolism and secretion of APP. In addition, chloroquine can reduce the abnormal degradation of APP and has anti-inflammatory effects, and is considered to be a potential therapeutic drug. Gene mutation may be an important cause of protein production. Mutation of the APP gene site causes abnormal cleavage of APP. Therefore, gene therapy should be a major way to prevent the production of Aβ protein.

4. Neurotrophic factors promote neuronal growth, differentiation, survival and damage repair. They are mediators and modifiers of synaptic plasticity. They are also drugs that correct calcium homeostasis disorders and enhance the function of the central cholangiocarcinoma system. They have become an important weapon in the current treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

5. Anti-apoptotic agents

(1) L-Canolide: It inhibits the expression of apoptosis-related genes, activates neurotrophic factors, and increases acetylcholine synthesis. It is highly fat-soluble and can pass through the blood-brain-spinal cord barrier. Its nootropic effect is significantly better than piracetam (NovoX). It is 50 to 100 times better than piracetam (NovoX).

(2) Ginsenoside Rgl also has strong nootropic and anti-aging effects.

6. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used for decades and has been proven to have a preventive effect on osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and urogenital system diseases in postmenopausal women. Over the years, many people have also been committed to studying the therapeutic effects of HRT on menopausal depression and cognitive changes; since women will spend another one-third of their lives after menopause, preventive medical measures may improve the quality of life of millions of women after menopause worldwide.

7. There are two routes of medication: enteral and parenteral, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The route can be selected based on the condition and patient's wishes.

Oral administration: is the preferred route. It is easy to use, relatively cheap, has a first-pass effect on the liver, significantly improves blood lipids, and is beneficial for cardiovascular protection.

(II) Prognosis

AD is a chronic disease with a total course of 2 to 12 years. According to a survey in Beijing, the average course of the disease is 8 years. The course of the disease can usually be divided into three stages, but the stages may overlap and cross over, and there are no clear boundaries.

Stage 1 (early stage): generally lasts 1 to 3 years, with the main manifestations being impairment of recent memory, poor ability to learn new knowledge, visual-spatial orientation disorder, and lack of initiative. Able to take care of themselves or partially take care of themselves.

Stage 2 (mid-stage): The disease continues to progress, with increasingly obvious changes in intelligence and personality. Symptoms of cortical damage appear, such as aphasia, apraxia, and agnosia. Hallucinations and delusions may also occur. The nervous system may have extrapyramidal symptoms such as increased muscle tension. Partially or completely self-care.

Stage 3 (late stage): The patient is in an obvious state of dementia and is completely unable to take care of himself. There are obvious muscle rigidity, tremors, strong grasping, groping and sucking reflexes, incontinence, and epileptic seizures may occur.

There are many things to pay attention to when it comes to menopause and Alzheimer's syndrome. During treatment, everyone should learn more about prognostic measures and provide good care. Some patients may develop malnutrition during treatment due to rapid progression of the disease, which may lead to pneumonia or even death.