Symptoms of venous thrombosis in the elderly

Venous thrombosis has become a very common disease, and it is most common among the elderly. We should pay attention to elderly venous thrombosis. If it is not treated scientifically in time, it will cause pulmonary embolism, which will have a great impact on life safety. We need to learn more about the symptoms of elderly venous thrombosis so that we can discover it as early as possible and treat it as early as possible.

There are many manifestations of venous thrombosis in the elderly. This phenomenon will have many impacts on patients. Many elderly people cannot accept that they suffer from such a disease. We should know more about the symptoms of venous thrombosis in the elderly. Early treatment is important.

Clinical manifestations

1. Superficial vein thrombosis

Most of them are thrombophlebitis with strong inflammatory nature and are more common in the limbs, often involving the great saphenous vein, small saphenous vein, cephalic vein, basilic vein and their branches. The cause can be found in most of them, but the cause is unknown in a few. Intravenous injection of saline, calcium chloride, iodine, contrast agents, hypertonic glucose and other drugs can all cause thrombosis at the injection site. Traumatic infection, varicose veins, and intravenous wires of temporary or permanent pacemakers can all cause venous thrombosis. People with hypercoagulation mechanisms are more likely to develop this disease. Symptoms include local pain, redness, heat, swelling, and increased body temperature. Cord-like thrombi may be felt in areas where the subcutaneous tissue is thinner. Because of the significant inflammation at the site of thrombus, it is often tightly attached to the vessel wall and pulmonary embolism rarely occurs. If phlebitis progresses and affects the deep veins, pulmonary embolism may occur due to the detachment of thrombi.

2. Deep vein thrombosis

In the early stage of the disease, blood clots form in the veins, followed by secondary inflammation at the site of the blood clots, so the inflammation is relatively mild.

3. Calf vein thrombosis

Most patients have no symptoms, but a few feel swelling and tightness in the calves. The symptoms worsen after standing, sitting, and walking. Some people have edema in the calves and feet and tenderness in the gastrocnemius muscles. Post-thrombotic syndrome may occur when venous anastomoses are invaded. If this disease is suspected, venography can be done to confirm the diagnosis.

4. Iliac and femoral vein thrombosis

The symptoms are obvious. There is tenderness in the iliac fossa, groin and femoral triangle, and there is pulling pain in the posterior thigh and gastrocnemius muscle belly when the dorsum of the foot is flexed. The acute onset of inflammation is very serious, and the lower limbs swell rapidly. The swelling reaches a peak within several hours and there is a sense of oppression. When inflammation is obvious, arterial spasm may occur, the skin becomes pale, the subcutaneous veins are dilated in a reticular manner, the affected limb is obviously tender, and the arterial pulsation cannot be felt, which is called painful swollen femoris. If the lesion is extensive and invades the pelvic veins, iliac veins and their branches, the lower limbs will be severely edematous and cyanotic, which is called painful swollen femoris. Severe cases may lead to venous gangrene of the lower limbs and even shock.

5. Inferior vena cava thrombosis

It may originate here or develop from iliofemoral thrombophlebitis. It often occurs in the left side of the iliofemoral vein and then spreads to the inferior vena cava. Finally, the right iliac vein is invaded, so its signs are bilateral and the rest are the same as iliofemoral vein thrombosis.

6. Thrombophlebitis of upper limb

It is less common and often extends from the superficial veins to the deep venous system. It is common in chest tumors and aortic tumors compressing the subclavian vein or secondary to trauma. Its clinical manifestations are the same as deep vein thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities.

Everyone should know the symptoms of venous thrombosis in the elderly. We should be able to actively prevent the occurrence of venous thrombosis in the elderly in normal times. Generally, blood flow is slower in the elderly and there is less exercise. Therefore, the elderly at this stage should do more exercise and maintain a good mood.