Knowledge and methods of prevention and treatment of brucellosis

Maybe we all have some knowledge about the prevention and control of some diseases, but I believe that most people have not been exposed to the knowledge of brucellosis prevention and control. Nowadays, this disease is spreading very rapidly on the African continent. This disease is rare around us, but rare does not mean that it does not exist. We need to strengthen our awareness of prevention and control. Only by strengthening our awareness of prevention and control can we avoid being threatened by this virus. So how can we strengthen our defense? Let us now learn about the knowledge and methods of prevention and control of brucellosis.

Knowledge and methods:

1. Treatment principles

①Early treatment. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment should be given immediately to prevent the disease from becoming chronic;

② Use combined medication with sufficient dosage and duration of treatment. Generally, two antibacterial drugs are combined for 2 to 3 courses;

③Combination with traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine includes Mongolian medicine, Tibetan medicine and Chinese medicine;

④Comprehensive treatment. Medication is the main treatment, supplemented by supportive therapy, to improve the patient's resistance and enhance the confidence in defeating the disease.

2. Basic treatment and symptomatic treatment

①Rest. Patients with fever in the acute phase should rest in bed and should not get out of bed except to go to the toilet. They can move around indoors during the intervals, but not too much.

②Diet. Nutrition should be increased by giving high-calorie, multi-vitamin, easily digestible food, as well as sufficient water and electrolytes.

③Wipe off sweat in time and avoid being blown by wind. Take a warm bath and change clothes once a day.

④ For those with high fever, physical methods can be used to reduce the temperature, and antipyretics can also be used if the fever persists. For those with severe poisoning symptoms and swollen and painful testicles, corticosteroids can be used. For those with severe joint pain, 5-10% magnesium sulfate wet compresses can be used. For those with headaches and insomnia, aspirin, phenobarbital, etc. can be used.

⑤ Medical staff should comfort patients and do a good job in ideological work to build their confidence.

(III) Antibacterial treatment should be the main focus in the acute phase. Commonly used antibiotics include streptomycin, tetracycline drugs, sulfonamides and TMP. In addition, chloramphenicol, rifampicin and ampicillin can also be tried. Commonly used: streptomycin plus tetracycline drugs or chloramphenicol. Streptomycin 1-2g/day, divided into two intramuscular injections; tetracycline 2g/day, divided into four doses; doxycycline is stronger than tetracycline and only requires 0.1-0.2g/day; chloramphenicol 2g/day, divided into two doses. The second is TMP plus sulfonamides or tetracyclines. Such as co-trimoxazole (each tablet contains TMP80mg, SMZ400mg), 4 to 6 tablets/day, taken in two doses. In order to reduce recurrence, the treatment course of the above regimen needs 3 to 6 weeks, and the above regimen can be used alternately for 2 to 3 courses. There is a break of 5 to 7 days between treatment courses. Rifampicin is fat-soluble, can pass through cell walls, has a broad antibacterial spectrum, and is worth a try.

(IV) Vaccine therapy is suitable for patients in the chronic stage. The treatment mechanism is to desensitize the body with increased sensitivity and reduce the occurrence of allergic reactions. The methods include intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection, depending on the patient's physical condition and tolerance. The dosage for each injection is 400,000, 600,000, 800,000, 2 million, 3.5 million, 10.5 million, 25.5 million, and 60.5 million bacteria, respectively, and the injection is given once a day, every other day, or every 3 to 5 days. One course of treatment consists of 7 to 10 effective injections. Vaccine therapy can cause severe systemic reactions, such as chills, fever, aggravation of original symptoms, and some patients may experience shock and difficulty breathing. Therefore, it is not recommended for patients with liver and kidney dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis and pregnant women to use it. Vaccine therapy should also be used simultaneously with antimicrobial drugs.

The above content introduces us to the knowledge and methods of prevention and control of brucellosis. We should all gain something. The above prevention and control knowledge is not only applicable to the prevention and control of brucellosis, but also to the prevention and control of various viruses around us. We can use the above knowledge to reduce our risk of illness. I hope the above content can be helpful to everyone.