What are the diagnoses for painful hematuria? What causes hematuria in men?

Hematuria refers to an abnormal increase in the excretion of red blood cells in the urine, which is a signal that there may be a serious disease in the urinary system. So how is painless hematuria diagnosed? What is hematuria?

What is the diagnosis of painless hematuria?

There are many reasons for men to urinate blood. If they also have urgent, frequent and painful urination, it may be renal tuberculosis or acute cystitis. If they have symptoms such as increased blood pressure, swollen eyelids and fever, it is acute nephritis. If there is no pain in the urethra, urination is difficult, light red urine can be seen with the naked eye, and trace amounts of red blood cells can be seen under a microscope, it is mostly prostatitis. The harm of hematuria is very serious, so it must be treated in time.

What is blood in urine?

Hematuria refers to an abnormal increase in the excretion of red blood cells in the urine, which is a signal that there may be a serious disease in the urinary system. Hematuria is defined as an abnormal increase in red blood cells in urine if there are ≥ 3 red blood cells per high-power field in centrifuged urine, or more than 1 red blood cell count in non-centrifuged urine or more than 100,000 red blood cells in 1-hour urine, or more than 500,000 red blood cells in 12-hour urine sediment. In mild cases, only an increase in red blood cells is found under the microscope, which is called microscopic hematuria; in severe cases, the appearance is like meat washing water or contains blood clots, which is called gross hematuria. Usually, when there is 1 mL of blood per liter of urine, it can be seen with the naked eye, and the urine appears red or like meat washing water.

There are many reasons why men urinate blood, which include the following aspects:

1. Hematuria caused by urinary tract inflammation. If hematuria is accompanied by symptoms such as facial and body edema, increased blood pressure, etc., it may be acute nephritis; if hematuria is accompanied by difficulty urinating and pain in the urethra, it is mostly prostatitis.

2. Hematuria caused by cystitis. If hematuria is accompanied by severe urinary frequency, urgency and pain, it is mostly acute cystitis. Therefore, the most common symptom of cystitis is hematuria that can be seen with the naked eye without any feeling.

3. Hematuria caused by kidney or ureteral stones. People who have hematuria and low back pain, sometimes severe paroxysmal low back pain or renal colic, are likely to have kidney and ureteral stones.

4. Hematuria caused by urinary system tumors. If hematuria is accompanied by prolonged frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination, the patient is more likely to have renal tuberculosis; patients over 40 years old with no obvious symptoms of pain and hematuria may be infected with a urinary tract tumor.