How to prevent diabetes: Proper diet and lifestyle are the most important

Diabetes is a common disease nowadays and is most common among middle-aged and elderly men. The most fundamental cause of diabetes is unscientific daily diet. To prevent diabetes, daily diet and lifestyle must be changed to a low-salt, low-fat and low-sugar diet.

1. Daily prevention

1. Primary prevention: Establish a correct view of eating and adopt a reasonable lifestyle. Although there are certain genetic factors in diabetes, the key is lifestyle and environmental factors. Excessive calorie intake, overnutrition, obesity and lack of exercise are important causes of the disease. The best diet is one that has appropriate calorie intake, low salt, low sugar, low fat, high fiber, and sufficient vitamins.

2. Secondary prevention: Measure blood sugar regularly to detect asymptomatic diabetes as early as possible. Blood sugar measurement should be included in the routine physical examination items for middle-aged and elderly people. Even if the result is normal once, it should still be measured regularly. Anyone who has any signs of diabetes, such as abnormal skin sensation, decreased sexual function, poor vision, polyuria, cataracts, etc., must be tested and carefully identified in a timely manner in order to diagnose as early as possible and gain valuable time for early treatment.

3. Tertiary prevention: Diabetic patients are prone to other chronic diseases, and many of them are in danger of death due to complications. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring of chronic complications of diabetes to achieve early detection and early prevention. In the late stages, the treatment effect is often not good. Early diagnosis and early treatment can often prevent the occurrence of complications and enable patients to lead a near-normal life for a long time.

2. Health Education

1. Since more than half of early patients have no symptoms or mild symptoms, they are often not diagnosed and treated in time. Therefore, we must vigorously carry out diabetes publicity and health education to let confirmed patients understand diabetes and gradually become familiar with the comprehensive treatment principles of basic measures such as diet, exercise, medication, and urine sugar and blood sugar monitoring.

2. Cooperate with medical staff to improve the quality of control, and let people aged >50 years, especially the high-risk people mentioned above, undergo a blood sugar screening test 2 hours after a meal every year, so that asymptomatic patients can be diagnosed and prevented as early as possible. The educational content should also include the importance of long-term adherence to dietary therapy, urine sugar and blood glucose meter testing methods, the need to pay attention to insulin treatment, and the need to learn aseptic injection methods, hypoglycemia reactions and initial treatment, etc.