Complications after hysterectomy 3 months ago

Three months after a total hysterectomy, you should pay more attention to your daily care so that your body functions can recover faster. Otherwise, you will have complications in your later life. Many patients will often experience vaginal bleeding and pain. At this time, you need to control the frequency of sexual life and pay attention to hygiene issues to avoid bacterial infections in your vagina.

1. Symptoms

There are no obvious symptoms in the very early stages, but vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, and pain may occur later.

(1) Vaginal bleeding mainly manifests as irregular menstrual cycles, intermenstrual bleeding, and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, and the amount is generally not much. Those who have not yet reached menopause may experience increased menstruation, prolonged menstrual periods, or menstrual disorders.

(2) Vaginal discharge is mostly bloody or serous. If there is infection, there will be purulent and bloody discharge with a foul odor. About 25% of patients seek medical treatment due to abnormal vaginal discharge.

(3) Lower abdominal pain and other symptoms: If the cancer involves the uterine cavity, it may cause pyometra, lower abdominal distension and cramp-like pain. In the late stage, infiltration of surrounding tissues or compression of nerves can cause pain in the lower abdomen and lumbar spinal cord. In the late stage, corresponding symptoms such as anemia, weight loss and cachexia may appear.

2. Physical signs

Gynecological examination may reveal no abnormalities in early endometrial cancer. In the late stage, the uterus may be significantly enlarged, and there may be obvious tenderness when combined with pyometra. Cancerous tissue may occasionally protrude from the cervical canal and bleed easily when touched. When the cancer infiltrates the surrounding tissues, the uterus is fixed or irregular nodules may be felt beside the uterus.

Whether endogenous or exogenous estrogen, long-term action of estrogen without progestin antagonism is associated with the incidence of type I endometrial cancer. Selective estrogen receptor modulators are widely used, which act as estrogen receptor agonists in endometrial tissue to varying degrees. Although tamoxifen use reduces the risk of breast cancer and its recurrence, it increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Some scholars believe that progesterone will change the stability of cervical epithelial cells, making them prone to abnormal changes and possibly leading to the development of uterine cancer cells.

Women who marry early, have early children, have multiple births, are childless, are infertile, have early menarche, have delayed menopause, and have disordered sexual life have a higher incidence of the disease. It is also believed that the cholesterol in smegma can be converted into carcinogens after being acted upon by bacteria. It is also an important cause of cervical cancer.