Six sex hormones: Causes of high prolactin

If the prolactin level among the six sex hormones is high, it will generally lead to hyperprolactinemia, also known as galactorrhea and amenorrhea syndrome. The main cause of its occurrence is pituitary tumor. Of course, if it is the effect of drugs, it may also cause such a cause. In addition, if there is primary thyroid dysfunction, it may also cause this situation. In addition, renal insufficiency, bronchial cancer, etc. may all cause this disease.

Causes of high prolactin

There are many reasons why prolactin is high. High levels of prolactin in the blood are called hyperprolactinemia, also known as galactorrhea and amenorrhea syndrome.

One of the main causes of hyperprolactinemia is pituitary tumors, because tumors are composed of cells that secrete prolactin. When these cells are out of control, they will secrete prolactin without restraint. At the same time, factors such as compression of the pituitary stalk can also cause increased prolactin. Taking drugs such as progesterone, dexamethasone, cortisol, strenuous exercise, and trauma may cause increased prolactin secretion. Common symptoms include breast tenderness, galactorrhea, infrequent menstruation, and amenorrhea.

The effects of medications can also cause an increase in prolactin. Oral contraceptives can cause an increase in prolactin and a decrease in gonadotropin secretion from the pituitary gland. Long-term use of drugs such as reserpine, chlorpromazine, morphine, etc. will change the production, absorption and metabolism of dopamine, thereby inhibiting the release of prolactin inhibitory factor, resulting in excessive prolactin secretion.

In addition, diseases such as primary hypothyroidism, idiopathic amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndrome, primary hyperthyroidism, renal insufficiency, bronchial cancer, renal insufficiency, and malignant tumors in other parts of the body can also cause increased prolactin.

Symptoms of high prolactin

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone, one of the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland, also known as prolactin. Generally, women will secrete abundant prolactin in the late stages of pregnancy and lactation, which can promote the development of the breast and lactation.

1. Irregular menstruation. Primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, luteal insufficiency, etc. Irregular menstruation will affect women's conception, causing infertility, habitual miscarriage and other effects. It may also cause women to have decreased libido, excessive hair growth, and acne.

2. Milk leakage. Milk can be seen by squeezing both breasts, and fat droplets can be seen under the microscope. Galactorrhea can be divided into non-tumor type, tumor type, and simple galactorrhea. Most breasts are normal or accompanied by lobular hyperplasia or macromastia.

3. Osteopenia. Long-term decrease in estrogen levels due to HP can cause a decrease in bone density.

4. When prolactin is too high, women may experience visual impairment, neurological problems, hypopituitarism, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and other diseases.