What does lymph node echo mean?

That is to find the lymph nodes and consider the enlarged lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are organs unique to mammals (waterfowl also have two pairs of lymph nodes) and are important immune organs in the human body. It is a round or oval structure, mostly concentrated in the neck, mesentery, axilla and groin, and connected to the lymphatic vessels. The superficial lymph nodes of normal people are very small, with a diameter of less than 0.5 cm. The surface is smooth and soft, with no adhesion to the surrounding tissues and no tenderness. Swollen lymph nodes are the beacon tower of the human body and an alarm device.

Examination method 1. Examination sequence During a full-body physical examination, lymph node examination should be performed during the examination of the corresponding body parts. To avoid missing any, special attention should be paid to the order in which lymph nodes are examined. The order of examination of head and neck lymph nodes is: preauricular, postauricular, occipital, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical, posterior cervical, and supraclavicular lymph nodes. The order of examination of upper limb lymph nodes is: axillary lymph nodes, trochlear lymph nodes. The axillary lymph nodes should be examined in the order of apical group, central group, pectoral group, subscapular group, and lateral group. The order of examination of lower limb lymph nodes is: inguinal (upper group, lower group), popliteal fossa.

2. Examination methods: The methods for examining lymph nodes are visual inspection and palpation. During visual examination, attention should be paid not only to local signs (including whether the skin is raised, whether there are changes in color, whether there are rashes, scars, fistulas, etc.), but also to the overall condition. Palpation is the main method of examining lymph nodes. The examiner brings the index, middle and ring fingers together. The fingertips are placed flat on the skin of the examined area for sliding palpation. The sliding mentioned here refers to the sliding between the skin and subcutaneous tissue when the abdomen is pressed; the sliding method should be in multiple directions perpendicular to each other or rotational sliding, which helps to distinguish lymph nodes from muscle and vascular nodules. 3. Examination contents When examining the lymph nodes, attention should be paid to the location, size and shape, number and arrangement, surface characteristics, texture, tenderness, mobility, whether the boundaries are clear, and whether there is redness, swelling, scars, fistulas, etc. on the local skin.

Lymph nodes can be large or small. Lymph node enlargement refers to the phenomenon that the lymph nodes increase in size due to internal cell proliferation or tumor cell infiltration. A normal person has about 500-600 lymph nodes, but the lymph nodes under the clavicle are generally not palpable. If they can be felt, it means that the lymph nodes are abnormally enlarged. Lymph node enlargement is very common and is a common clinical sign that can occur in people of any age group. Lymph node enlargement can be seen in a variety of diseases, such as bacterial and viral infections, malignant lymphoma, leukemia, necrotizing hyperplastic lymphadenopathy, abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism, etc. It is understood that painful lymph node enlargement is mostly caused by acute inflammation, often with inflammatory manifestations such as local redness, swelling and heat, such as nonspecific lymphadenitis; while painless lymph node enlargement is common in malignant tumor metastasis lymphoma, etc. However, for patients who are only diagnosed with swollen lymph nodes, it is best to undergo further examination to confirm the disease, especially whether it is benign or malignant. Generally speaking, a systematic examination of lymph node enlargement includes deep lymph node examination in the neck, armpits, abdomen, etc., routine blood tests, bone marrow examination, lymph node puncture needle aspiration smear examination (for those with obvious lymph node enlargement and superficial location), and lymphangiography. The specific examination items need to be determined by the attending physician.

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