What causes swelling and pain at the anus?

If you have indigestion or are anxious and get angry, it is easy to cause constipation and make defecation difficult. If you defecate forcefully, your anus will become swollen and painful, which will cause great trouble to our daily life and work. At the same time, if it is not treated in time, long-term swelling and pain will cause other diseases. Therefore, we must pay great attention to this condition. So let’s talk about what causes swelling and pain at the anus today?

1. Introduction

Swelling and pain at the anus is one of the common symptoms of anorectal disease, which mainly refers to swelling and pain around the anus, accompanied by purulent secretions. It is common in perianal suppurative infection, perianal cyst, external hemorrhoid inflammation, infection after anorectal disease surgery and cancerous lesions. Anal swelling, pain and pus discharge often cause inconvenience to daily life and work, and if not handled properly, it may lead to the development of the disease.

2. Causes

(1) Pain caused by anal fissure: Pain caused by anal fissure usually occurs during or after defecation and is cyclical. In severe cases, the pain can last for several hours, making the patient restless and extremely painful. In addition, patients with anal fissure also have symptoms such as bleeding and constipation.

(2) Thrombosed external hemorrhoids: pain in external hemorrhoids is the main symptom. The patient will feel a foreign body sensation and also experience bloating and pain. A thrombosis is formed when the veins around the anus rupture and blood clots gather together. The pain is worse with activity.

(3) Perianal abscess: The patient presents with localized purulent infection and persistent pain in the anus. When the pain worsens, the patient becomes restless and has a poor appetite, and is often accompanied by fever.

(4) Incarcerated hemorrhoids: As the hemorrhoids continue to grow, tissue circulation is restricted and they protrude out of the anus, and the hemorrhoids cannot be retracted. This causes hemorrhoids to be sandwiched in the middle of the anus, which can easily cause infection, inflammation, swelling, and bleeding due to friction from external forces, with symptoms mainly including distending pain and burning pain.

(5) Rectal cancer: There is no pain in the early stages of rectal cancer. As the disease progresses, the tumor will grow larger and rupture, and symptoms such as anal distension, dull pain, bloody stools, abdominal distension, and weight loss may occur.

(6) Foreign body sensation in the anus is usually caused by foreign body residue from trauma or improper diet, or fish bones or bone fragments embedded in the anal canal or rectum. If the retention time is too long, it may cause local infection.

3. Treatment methods

At present, the most recognized effective treatment for perianal abscess is HCPT minimally invasive surgery, which has a good therapeutic effect. HCPT minimally invasive surgery for perianal abscess mainly uses minimally invasive electrode heads to directly perform minimally invasive electrocoagulation on the patient's abscess cavity, so that the inner opening of the abscess cavity quickly dries and closes, and falls off quickly. Then, the pus in the abscess is directly cleaned through a fiberscope. In this way, infection will not occur during future bowel movements, feces will not enter the tissues, and symptoms such as infection and pain will not occur, thereby completely curing the perianal abscess disease.