What is the cause of multiple demyelination changes in the brain?

Multiple demyelinating changes in the brain often cause patients to experience neurological headaches. When this happens, it is mainly caused by myelin lesions. At this time, massage can be used to relieve the symptoms. In addition, timely use of drugs for treatment is required. The more common drugs are cinepazide maleate injection. In addition, Xuesetong and aspirin are also relatively common drugs.

Causes of Demyelinating Disease Headaches

Demyelinating diseases are a large group of acquired diseases with different causes and clinical manifestations but similar characteristics. The characteristic pathological changes are the loss of myelin sheath in nerve fibers while nerve cells remain relatively intact.

The function of myelin sheath is to protect neurons and enable nerve impulses to be transmitted quickly on neurons. Therefore, the loss of myelin sheath will affect the transmission of nerve impulses. The myelin sheath of nerves in acute demyelinating diseases can regenerate rapidly and completely. Although the regenerated myelin sheath is thinner, it generally has little effect on functional recovery. In chronic demyelinating neuropathy, due to repeated demyelination and the significant proliferation of Schwann cells in myelin regeneration, the nerves may become thicker and axons may be lost, resulting in incomplete functional recovery. Headaches are less common in demyelinating diseases, but they can occur in people with demyelinating diseases.

There are two reasons for this:

① Nerve irritation symptoms: in normal nerve fibers, sensory impulses occur in nerve endings and cell bodies, and motor impulses occur in cell bodies; in diseased nerve fibers, impulses may occur in the middle part of the axon and be transmitted to the periphery and central nervous system. This ectopic impulse may be caused by increased susceptibility and extreme sensitivity to mechanical stimulation, or it may occur spontaneously following the normal impulse of the same fiber or a certain stimulus may cause repeated excitement at the diseased site, which may cause pain.

② Demyelination is accompanied by infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, forming a severe inflammatory reaction, irritating the meninges and even causing increased intracranial pressure and leading to headaches.

Causes

① Immune-mediated, such as multiple sclerosis and acute infectious polyradiculoneuritis. ② Viral infection, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. ③Nutritional disorders, such as central pontine myelinosis. ④ Hypoxia, such as delayed post-hypoxic demyelinating encephalopathy and progressive subcortical ischemic encephalopathy. In general, the clinical diagnosis of demyelinating diseases refers to immune-mediated demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis, acute infectious polyradiculoneuritis, etc.