What symptoms should be treated with cystoscopy?

The function of a cystoscope is to observe conditions inside the bladder, so a cystoscopy is required for some bladder diseases, the most common of which are cystitis and bladder stones. In addition, if polyps appear, timely treatment and examination should be carried out. The bladder is very important to human health. It is an organ that stores urine and is an important organ for urination. Once a disease occurs, it often leads to problems in the urinary system.

What symptoms should be treated with cystoscopy?

1. For diagnosis, the situation inside the bladder can be observed through the examination endoscope; a thin ureteral catheter can be inserted into the ureter to the renal pelvis through the ureteral catheter endoscope, and urine can be collected for routine examination and culture; indigo carmine solution can be injected intravenously to observe the blue discharge time of the ureters on both sides, and the renal function of both sides can be estimated separately (normally blue discharge occurs 5 to 10 minutes after injection); 12.5% ​​sodium iodide contrast agent is injected into the renal pelvis or ureter through the catheter, and retrograde pyelography is performed to understand the situation of the kidney, renal pelvis and ureter. 2. For treatment purposes, if there are bleeding spots or papilloma in the bladder, it can be treated with an electrocautery device through a cystoscope; stones in the bladder can be crushed with a lithotripter and then flushed out; small foreign bodies and diseased tissues in the bladder can be removed with foreign body forceps or biopsy forceps; if the ureteral orifice is narrow, it can be cut open with a scissors through a cystoscope (or expanded with a dilator). People who need to be checked: the elderly and frail, and those with comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Transurethral resection of the prostate is suitable for patients with bladder neck obstruction caused by various reasons, including patients whose symptoms cannot be relieved by tissue residue after open surgery.

Contraindications

1. The urethra and bladder should not be examined when they are in the acute inflammatory stage, as this may cause the inflammation to spread. In addition, acute inflammation of the bladder may cause congestion and make it difficult to distinguish the lesions. 2. If the bladder capacity is too small, below 60ml, it means the disease is serious and most patients cannot tolerate this examination, which can also easily lead to bladder rupture. 3. Patients with phimosis, urethral stenosis, urethral calculi, etc., who cannot insert a cystoscope. 4. Those with bone and joint deformities who cannot adopt lithotomy position. 5. Women who are menstruating or pregnant for more than 3 months. 6. Those with severely impaired renal function, signs of uremia, hypertension and poor heart function.

Indications

1. For diagnosis, the situation inside the bladder can be observed through the examination endoscope; a thin ureteral catheter can be inserted into the ureter to the renal pelvis through the ureteral catheter endoscope, and urine can be collected for routine examination and culture; indigo carmine solution can be injected intravenously to observe the blue discharge time of the ureters on both sides, and the renal function of both sides can be estimated separately (normally blue discharge occurs 5 to 10 minutes after injection); 12.5% ​​sodium iodide contrast agent is injected into the renal pelvis or ureter through the catheter, and retrograde pyelography is performed to understand the situation of the kidney, renal pelvis and ureter. 2. For treatment purposes, if there are bleeding spots or papilloma in the bladder, it can be treated with an electrocautery device through a cystoscope; stones in the bladder can be crushed with a lithotripter and then flushed out; small foreign bodies and diseased tissues in the bladder can be removed with foreign body forceps or biopsy forceps; if the ureteral orifice is narrow, it can be cut open with a scissors through a cystoscope (or dilated with a dilator).