Urethra stenosis in boys

The urethral opening is a tube used for urination, just like the human body has a digestive tract and respiratory tract. Because the operation of the human body is a circulation, the urethra is the water that the human body drinks and turns into urine after a series of operations and is discharged from this tube. However, problems may also occur in the urethra, such as stenosis of the urethral opening, which makes excretion very difficult. So what is stenosis of the urethral opening in boys?

Congenital urethral stenosis: such as stenosis of the external urethral orifice, hypertrophy of urethral valves and seminal vesicles, etc.

Inflammatory urethral stricture: The medical history should pay attention to whether there is a history of specific or nonspecific urinary tract infection, a history of gonorrhea or tuberculosis, and a history of recurrent infection of phimosis or balanitis.

Traumatic urethral stricture: the most common, due to severe urethral injury, improper or untimely initial treatment. Pathologically, the degree, depth and length of stricture vary greatly. Usually there is only one stricture, while gonorrheal stricture may be multiple strictures. Strictures may be secondary to infection, forming urethral diverticula, periurethritis, prostatitis or epididymal or testicular inflammation. Because the urinary obstruction cannot be relieved for a long time, it may eventually lead to hydronephrosis, renal damage and uremia. The medical history should note any history of pelvic fracture, perineal straddle injury, stab wound, firearm injury, or urethral foreign body.

The symptoms of urethral stenosis may vary depending on its degree, scope and development process, including: 1) dysuria, progressive urination difficulty, thinning urine flow, sometimes interrupted urination, dribbling urination, or even inability to urinate; 2) urinary retention; 3) urinary incontinence; 4) long-term dysuria causing pathological changes in the upper urinary tract, hydronephrosis, renal atrophy, and renal insufficiency. 5) Sexual function status: whether the penis can erect 6) Anal defecation status, whether there is urination or defecation in abnormal parts.

The main symptom is difficulty urinating. Initially, urination is difficult, urination time is prolonged, and urine is forked. Afterwards, the urine stream gradually becomes thinner, the range becomes shorter, and it even becomes dripping. When the detrusor muscle contracts but cannot overcome urethral resistance, residual urine increases and even overflow incontinence or urinary retention occurs. Urethral stricture is often associated with chronic urethritis. At this time, there is often a small amount of purulent secretions at the external urethral opening, which is often found in the morning. The urethral opening is blocked by 1 or 2 drops of secretions, which is called "morning drops". The urethra dilatation proximal to the stricture is prone to infection due to urine retention, leading to recurrent urinary tract infection, periurethral abscess, urethral fistula, prostatitis and epididymis. The obstruction then causes hydroureteral pelvis and recurrent urinary tract infections, which eventually lead to renal dysfunction and even uremia.