X-ray manifestations of pulmonary congestion

Pulmonary congestion refers to blood congestion in the blood vessels of the lungs. The cause may be left heart failure. When the pressure in the heart cavity rises, it will hinder the blood circulation in the veins and lungs, causing congestion in the lungs. At this time, the lungs will appear dark red. Patients often experience shortness of breath and oxygen, and are prone to coughing up red foamy sputum and other symptoms. The harm is relatively large, and treatment must be targeted at the cause.

Causes and common diseases

1. Excessive front load. 2. Excessive afterload. 3. Weakened myocardial contractility. 4. Uncoordinated ventricular contraction. 5. Decreased ventricular compliance.

examine

1. Electrocardiogram can reveal previous myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, extensive myocardial damage and arrhythmia. 2. Chest X-ray may show heart enlargement, pulmonary congestion, pulmonary edema and existing lung disease. 3. Echocardiography (1) Diagnosis of pericardial, myocardial or valvular diseases. (2) Differentiate between diastolic dysfunction and systolic dysfunction. (3) Quantitative or qualitative determination of atrioventricular internal diameter, cardiac geometry, ventricular wall thickness, ventricular wall motion, as well as pericardial, valvular, and vascular structures; quantitative determination of valvular stenosis and regurgitation; and measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (LVEDV, LVESV). (4) Estimate pulmonary artery pressure. (5) Provide objective indicators for evaluating treatment effects. 4. Heart failure markers B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are markers for patients with heart failure. The values ​​can decrease after symptoms improve after treatment.