Where does stomach pain occur?

Modern people are prone to stomach problems due to their eating habits. In fact, gastric disease is a general term for various stomach diseases. If you want to treat stomach problems, you must first know what kind of disease you have. For stomach problems, pain often occurs. So, where does stomach pain occur? In fact, it is mainly pain in the stomach organs. If it is severe, it may also cause pain in other places.

Gastric disease is a general term for many stomach-related diseases. They have similar symptoms, such as upper abdominal discomfort, pain, fullness after meals, belching, acid reflux, and even nausea and vomiting. Common stomach diseases in clinical practice include acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, combined gastroduodenal ulcer, gastric polyps, gastric stones, benign and malignant tumors of the stomach, as well as gastric mucosal prolapse, acute gastric dilatation, pyloric obstruction, etc.

The most common symptoms are upper abdominal discomfort or pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Symptoms of gastritis and duodenal ulcers include burning pain in the upper abdomen, especially between meals, before breakfast, or after drinking orange juice or coffee. In severe cases, there may be tarry, black or bloody stools.

1. Acute simple gastritis

It is mainly caused by chemical substances, such as strong tea, coffee, liquor, condiments and other irritants, or taking salicylates, sulfonamides, anticancer drugs, antibiotics, reserpine, corticosteroids and other drugs that damage the gastric mucosa; physical factors like eating too cold, too hot or rough food that damages the gastric mucosa; and microbial infection or bacterial toxins. Acute corrosive gastritis is often caused by suicide or accidental ingestion of corrosive agents such as strong acids and alkalis.

2. Acute erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis

It often occurs in stressful conditions caused by surgery, burns, shock, trauma, multiple organ failure, etc., as well as drinking or taking non-steroidal drugs, and accounts for about 20% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

3. Acute suppurative gastritis

It is mainly a suppurative disease caused by bacteria such as streptococci, staphylococci and Escherichia coli infecting the stomach wall, also known as cellulitis gastritis. Acute gastritis is a reversible disease and can return to normal through treatment. Through proper treatment, many patients with acute gastritis can recover effectively and completely, and the disease is characterized by coming and going quickly. However, if the treatment is not timely or thorough and the diet is improper, the condition will turn into chronic gastritis if it persists for a long time.

4. Chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa due to various reasons. It is one of the most common and frequently occurring diseases. The characteristics are that the incidence rate in men is higher than that in women, and the incidence rate tends to increase with age. The essence of chronic gastritis is that after the gastric mucosal epithelium is repeatedly damaged, the mucosa is remodeled due to its specific regenerative ability, and eventually leads to irreversible atrophy or even disappearance of the intrinsic gastric glands.

(1) Causes of chronic gastritis

It is generally believed that it is a chronic persistent infection of pathogenic bacteria, especially Hp (Helicobacter pylori); or it is transformed from acute gastritis; like acute gastritis, physical factors such as overheated, overcooled, and overly rough food are also one of its causes; in addition, chemical factors, such as strong tea, coffee, liquor, condiments, etc.; long-term and large-scale use of non-steroidal drugs (such as aspirin, indomethacin, etc.) can inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins in the gastric mucosa and destroy the mucosal barrier and cause it; when smoking, nicotine in tobacco not only affects the blood circulation of the gastric mucosa, but also can cause pyloric sphincter dysfunction, causing bile reflux, and various bile reflux can destroy the mucosal barrier and lead to the occurrence of chronic gastritis; in addition, immune factors are also the cause of chronic gastritis.

(2) Classification of chronic gastritis

There are mainly chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis, which sometimes exist at the same time. Chronic superficial gastritis includes three types: simple type, erosive type and hemorrhagic type. According to the common site of disease occurrence, it can be divided into two categories: Type A, which is rare, with lesions occurring in the gastric body and fundus, mostly caused by autoimmune reactions; Type B, which is more common, with lesions mainly in the gastric antrum, and about 90% of patients are caused by Hp infection. Type B is the more common type in my country.

5. Non-ulcer dyspepsia

Non-ulcer dyspepsia is a functional gastric disease, and a small number of cases are mild organic lesions. In the past, many doctors diagnosed the disease as chronic gastritis, gastric neurosis, gastrointestinal autonomic nervous system dysfunction, functional gastric dyspepsia, gastric spasm, etc. According to the latest authoritative epidemiological survey, the incidence of this disease in the population is as high as 10%, and it is also a common and frequently occurring disease of the stomach. Patients may experience intermittent or persistent upper abdominal pain or occasional severe pain and discomfort, nausea, vomiting, acid reflux, heartburn and other upper gastrointestinal symptoms. However, clinical examinations such as gastroscopy, upper gastrointestinal barium angiography and hepatobiliary and pancreatic ultrasound cannot reveal organic lesions or mild lesions in the stomach and other organs that cause these symptoms. That is to say, there are many subjective symptoms of the stomach, but few or no positive findings in objective examinations. The cause of the disease should be related to gastric motility dysfunction, mild gastroduodenal inflammation, and mental factors.