What is Xuanyun disease?

If you spin many times on the spot, you will experience dizziness, which is usually a very bad feeling. Some people experience dizziness in their daily lives even when there is no rotation, and this phenomenon is called vertigo. However, although we often hear about vertigo in daily life, we don’t understand its causes very clearly. So what exactly is vertigo?

Vertigo

Vertigo is a subjective symptom, a kind of motion perception or motion illusion. It is the patient's directional sense disorder or balance sense disorder for spatial relationships. The patient feels that the external environment or himself is rotating, moving or shaking. It is caused by lesions of the vestibular nervous system. It is different from dizziness. Generally speaking, dizziness does not involve the motion perception of the external environment or oneself rotating, which is the patient's main complaint of lightheadedness, confusion, etc.

Causes of vertigo

Pseudo-vertigo

True vertigo is common in cardiovascular disease, fever, anemia, toxic disease, metabolic disease, visual impairment, refractive error, cervical spondylosis, menopausal syndrome and neurosis.

True vertigo

(I) Vestibular peripheral lesions

Otitis media (such as suppurative labyrinthitis and toxic labyrinthitis); drug poisoning (such as streptomycin, neomycin, phenytoin sodium and kanamycin poisoning); labyrinth trauma and surgical sequelae; positional vertigo caused by otosclerosis and otolithiasis; Meniere's syndrome, etc.

(II) Central part

1. Brainstem lesions

(1) Tumors such as cerebellopontine angle space-occupying lesions, fourth ventricle tumors, brain stem tumors, etc.

(2) Blood circulation disorders in the vertebral basilar artery system, such as basilar artery blood supply insufficiency causing cranial vertigo, posterior inferior cerebellar artery thrombosis, cervical spondylosis, etc. causing vertebral artery blood supply insufficiency.

(3) Dry inflammation Multiple sclerosis Posterior fossa lesions Vestibular neuron inflammation

(4) Brain stem trauma and congenital malformation of the posterior cranial fossa, etc.

2. Cortical lesions

Temporal lobe tumors or localized inflammation, cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy and vascular headache, inflammatory degenerative diseases, craniocerebral trauma epilepsy, etc.

[1] Vertigo is a common symptom rather than a separate disease. Therefore, we can classify and describe the diseases that cause dizziness so that everyone can have a deeper understanding of "vertigo".

1. Rotational vertigo can be divided into two categories according to its cause: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo.

(1) Peripheral vertigo: refers to vertigo caused by lesions in the inner ear labyrinth or vestibular nerve. It is common in Meniere's disease (formerly Meniere's disease), labyrinthitis, drug-induced vertigo (caused by the use of drugs such as streptomycin or gentamicin) and vestibular neuritis.

(2) Central vertigo: refers to vertigo caused by lesions of the brainstem, cerebellum, cerebrum and spinal cord. It is common in vertebral-basilar artery insufficiency, intracranial tumors, intracranial infection, multiple sclerosis, vertigo epilepsy and traumatic vertigo.

2. General vertigo

(1) Cardiac vertigo: common in arrhythmias, heart failure, etc.

(2) Pulmonary vertigo: can be seen in lung dysfunction caused by various reasons.

(3) Ocular vertigo: common in refractive errors, retinal arteriosclerosis, hemorrhage and ophthalmoplegia.

(4) Hypertensive vertigo: Both high blood pressure and low blood pressure can cause vertigo.

(5) Others: Anemia, cervical spondylosis, acute fever, gastroenteritis, endocrine disorders and neurosis can all cause dizziness.

Prevention and treatment of vertigo

Patients with vertigo should be accompanied by family members when going out to prevent accidents.

1. Cerebrovascular vertigo: In summer and winter, due to the increase in blood viscosity, various cerebrovascular accidents are prone to occur, leading to cerebrovascular vertigo. You should pay attention to drinking more water and avoid sudden changes in body position, such as getting up suddenly to go to the toilet at night, which can easily cause cerebrovascular vertigo. Once it occurs, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible. After diagnosis, you can be given appropriate vasodilators, antiplatelet aggregation drugs (such as aspirin), anticoagulants, etc.

2. Brain tumor vertigo: This type of vertigo usually develops slowly, with mild initial symptoms and is difficult to detect. For mild vertigo that gradually appears, if it is accompanied by symptoms such as unilateral tinnitus, deafness, or other signs of damage to adjacent cranial nerves, such as numbness and decreased sensation on the affected side of the face, peripheral facial paralysis, etc., you should go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible, to get a clear diagnosis and early surgical treatment.

3. Cervical vertigo: You should pay attention to your body posture during work and study, and move your neck appropriately after working at a desk for a long time. The pillow should be of appropriate height and should not be too high to avoid cervicogenic vertigo. Rehabilitation methods are often used in treatment, such as cervical occipital traction, massage therapy, acupuncture, etc. Severe cases require surgical treatment.

4. For vertigo caused by other diseases, such as endocrine vertigo, hypertensive vertigo, and ocular vertigo, the primary disease should be actively treated, such as controlling blood pressure and treating ophthalmic diseases. On the basis of the recovery of the primary disease, the vertigo can be relieved naturally.

5. Neurotic vertigo: For vertigo caused by mental factors, the patient’s anxiety should be relieved first. Anti-anxiety or antidepressant drugs can be given appropriately to achieve a more ideal clinical treatment effect.