Nasal mucosal edema

Nasal mucosal edema is a very common disease and the main symptom of many nasal diseases. For example, patients with acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis or hypertrophic rhinitis will all have symptoms such as nasal mucosal edema. Therefore, if patients want to receive treatment, they still need to undergo an examination first to determine what disease they have before further treatment can be carried out.

1. Acute rhinitis

Caused by acute infection, commonly known as cold or flu, may have systemic symptoms; more common in autumn and winter or winter and spring. The condition usually improves gradually after 7 to 14 days. Those with strong resistance can recover without treatment. A common acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa, caused by a viral infection, often followed by a bacterial infection. The main symptoms are nasal congestion and increased secretions. In the early stage, the nasal discharge is clear water, which later turns into mucopurulent nasal discharge. The patient may have a low fever and general discomfort. Examination showed that the nasal mucosa was congested and swollen, with secretions. Prevention is the main approach for this disease. After the onset of the disease, take heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, drip 1% ephedrine solution into the nose, and take sulfonamides or antibiotics when necessary.

2. Chronic rhinitis

It is a common and frequently occurring disease that develops from acute rhinitis. It is related to concurrent bacterial secondary infection, incomplete treatment and recurrent attacks. It is a chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and submucosa. It is very common. Mild cases are called simple chronic rhinitis, and severe cases are called hypertrophic rhinitis. The main symptoms are nasal congestion, which may be intermittent or alternating in mild cases and persistent in severe cases, with increased nasal secretions. Examination showed that the nasal mucosa was congested and swollen, with a small amount of mucous secretions in the nasal passages. Severe hypertrophic rhinitis had an uneven mucosal surface due to tissue hyperplasia, the inferior turbinate showed mulberry-like changes, and the middle turbinate mucosa showed polyp-like changes. Intranasal drops of vasoconstrictors, such as 1% ephedrine, can improve nasal ventilation and drainage and reduce inflammation. In more serious cases, a sclerosing agent can be injected under the inferior turbinate mucosa, or electrocautery or cryotherapy can be performed to improve ventilation. In severe cases, the hypertrophic part of the turbinate needs to be surgically removed. Traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture treatment have certain effects on patients with mild symptoms.

It is caused by the nasal mucosa being highly sensitive to certain components in the inhaled air. Its symptoms are very similar to those of a cold, but it can occur multiple times a day; when it is not occurring, it is completely normal. The onset of allergic rhinitis is sometimes closely related to the season.

4. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis

It comes from chronic simple rhinitis, which is caused by long-term chronic inflammation and congestion, resulting in hyperplasia of the nasal mucosa and nasal concha. At this time, the mucosa thickens, tissue elasticity decreases, and the nasal ventilation capacity is poor, thus endangering the physiological function of the nose.