Bacterial liver abscess

There are many common types of diseases in life, and the harm of diseases to human health is different every day. Therefore, when you find that you have a disease, you need to receive timely treatment to improve the disease and prevent it from continuing to develop. Bacterial liver abscess is a disease that many people don’t know much about. This disease is more harmful to the human body, and it must be treated in time after the disease is discovered.

What kind of disease is bacterial liver abscess? It is a less common disease in life, but there are unique treatment methods for this disease, so the treatment time cannot be delayed after discovery.

Bacterial liver abscess:

1. Classification and infection routes of bacterial liver abscess

1. According to the number of abscesses, it can be divided into two types: solitary and multiple.

2. According to the route of infection

(1) Biliary: This is an important route of infection for bacterial liver abscess. Various causes such as biliary ascariasis, cholelithiasis, ampulla stenosis, and pancreatic head cancer can cause the common bile duct to be blocked, allowing bacteria to retrograde into the liver and form an abscess.

(2) Transportal: Any bacterial infection related to the portal vein or adjacent organs can spread to the liver. Before the advent of antibiotics, liver abscesses were mostly caused by suppurative appendicitis. Other causes such as intestinal infection and pancreatitis can also cause liver abscesses.

(3) Transhepatic artery: sepsis, bacterial endocarditis, upper respiratory tract infection, carbuncle, perirenal abscess. Bacteria enter the liver through the hepatic artery and cause abscess.

(4) Direct infection of adjacent organs: Gallbladder perforation, subphrenic abscess, pancreatic abscess, right kidney abscess, gastric and duodenal ulcer perforation, empyema, and lung abscess can all spread directly to the liver.

(5) Secondary to liver trauma and liver tumors: such as liver abscess caused by bacterial contamination of the liver after penetrating trauma. Tumors are most common with secondary infections following hilar tumors.

(II) Etiology and pathology

According to the results of bacterial culture, the pathogens of bacterial liver abscess in my country are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.; the anaerobic bacteria are mostly microaerophilic Streptococcus and Bacillus fragilis. When bacteria invade the liver, they cause an inflammatory response that leads to the formation of small abscesses. Small abscesses may gradually expand and merge into larger abscesses. Those originating from bile duct lesions also start out as small abscesses, which later merge into larger abscesses, consistent with the lesions distributed in the intrahepatic bile duct and are often segmental. Abscesses are often connected to the bile duct and are more common on the left side. Infections originating from the portal venous system are more common in the right lobe than in the left lobe.

Ascariasis liver abscess: Ascaris lumbricoides parasites in the upper and middle parts of the small intestine. Due to their free drilling habits, they often enter the liver through the bile duct, causing biliary ascariasis or complications of severe ascariasis liver abscess. The worm bodies and eggs that enter the liver cause mechanical damage, ascending bacterial infection, and the ascaris excretions contain toxic substances such as lipase, anticoagulants, and hemolysins, which cause local liver cell dissolution and necrosis, forming abscesses. This mostly occurs in the right lobe of the liver, which may be related to the shorter right hepatic duct, but can also occur in the left lobe or both lobes.

The onset of bacterial liver abscess is related to the body's resistance and primary disease. The following situations are more common: ① Systemic causes such as diabetes, use of steroid hormones, immunosuppressants, malignant tumors, and systemic failure; ② Biliary tract stenosis, and after surgery for benign and malignant lesions of the biliary system; ③ Hepatic artery ligation or embolization, and after irregular liver resection; ④ Portal bacteremia, appendicitis, subtotal gastrectomy and colectomy, etc.; ⑤ Metastatic liver cancer.

Through the above introduction, we have a good understanding of bacterial liver abscess. Therefore, when treating it, we also need to choose the correct treatment method. Moreover, if the patient feels unwell during the treatment, he needs to be examined in time so that all aspects of the patient's body will not be harmed.