There are small balls next to the testicles

Compared with the penis, the male testicles are very inconspicuous, but they are also an area that cannot be ignored, because if there is a problem with the testicles, it will directly affect a man's normal fertility. At the same time, the testicles are also prone to diseases. For example, cryptorchidism is a congenital disease. There is also a disease in which some patients find that there are small balls next to their testicles. So what disease is the small balls next to the testicles?

The epididymis is an organ composed of many tortuous, tiny tubes, one side of which is connected to the vas deferens (Ductus deferens) and the other side is connected to the seminiferous tubules of the testis (Testis). When the sperm leaves the testicle, it travels to the epididymis where it continues to grow and mature. The epididymis is located at the upper end and posterior edge of the testis. The epididymis is about 4-5 meters long and is coiled to form the body and tail. Helps in the maturation of sperm.

The epididymis is closely attached to the upper end and posterior edge of the testis and can be divided into three parts: head, body, and tail. The head is made up of a coiled efferent ductule, the end of which is connected to an epitesticular duct. The epitesticular tube is about 4-5 meters long and is coiled to form the body and tail. The end of the tube turns sharply upward and continues directly into the vas deferens. In addition to storing sperm, the epididymal duct can also secrete epididymal fluid, which contains certain hormones, enzymes and specific nutrients that help the maturation of sperm.

Causes of Epididymitis

①Secondary to prostatitis or urinary tract infection.

② Prostatectomy, especially transurethral surgery, can cause bacteria to remain in the urine for 8 to 12 weeks after surgery. During urination, urine can flow back into the ejaculatory duct, causing retrograde infection and leading to epididymitis. The infection can also invade the epididymis through the surrounding lymphatic vessels.

③ Sterile urine refluxes into the ejaculatory duct, causing chemical epididymitis. Recent studies have found that urine can flow back into the seminal vesicles.

The third cause is not specific, and it should be explained how sterile urine enters the epididymis and causes chemical epididymitis. Also, will the ejaculatory duct and vas deferens prevent sterile urine from flowing back into the epididymis? How do they prevent it?