What are the complications of gout? What are the hazards?

In addition to causing patients unbearable pain, gout can also cause a series of diseases, some of which can even lead to the death of patients. So what complications does gout generally cause?

1. Uric acid nephrolithiasis: 10% to 25% of gout patients may develop uric acid nephrolithiasis. Some patients even seek medical treatment with uric acid nephrolithiasis as the first symptom. Small mud-like stones are easily excreted in the urine, and the patient may not have any symptoms. Larger stones often cause renal colic and hematuria. Those with concurrent urinary tract infection may experience urinary tract irritation symptoms or low back pain such as frequent urination, urgency, and pain when urinating.

2. Gouty nephropathy: In the early stages, it often manifests as intermittent proteinuria. The disease generally progresses slowly. As the disease progresses, proteinuria gradually becomes persistent, the kidney's concentrating function is impaired, and increased nocturia and isotonic urine occur. In the late stage, chronic renal insufficiency may occur, manifested by edema, hypertension, increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, and eventually the patient may die of renal failure.

3. Acute renal failure: A large amount of urate crystals block the renal tubules, renal pelvis and ureters, causing urinary tract obstruction, leading to sudden oliguria or even anuria in patients. If not treated in time, it can rapidly develop into acute renal failure and even cause death.

4. Ischemic heart disease: Ischemic heart disease refers to the hardening or blockage of the coronary arteries that transport oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscles, which obstructs blood circulation and causes chest pain and myocardial necrosis, mainly angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. It is like a water pipe. Due to the blockage of dirt, the diameter of the water pipe becomes smaller and smaller, eventually resulting in a decrease in water flow or complete blockage.

5. Kidney stones: According to statistics, the probability of gout patients developing kidney stones is about one thousand times that of normal people. The more uric acid in the urine and the more acidic the acidity, the more likely it is to develop stones. Therefore, it is necessary to drink more boiled water and take baking soda to prevent the occurrence of kidney stones.

6. Obesity: Due to rapid economic growth and sufficient food in my country, there are more and more obese people. Obesity not only causes hypersynthesis of uric acid, resulting in hyperuricemia, but also hinders the excretion of uric acid, which can easily cause gout, combined with hyperlipidemia, diabetes, etc. The main reason is frequent overeating, so obese people should lose weight.

7. Hyperlipidemia: People with gout often overeat and are often obese, so many of them also have hyperlipidemia, which is closely related to the occurrence of arteriosclerosis.

8. Diabetes: Oral glucose load test was performed on gout patients, and the results showed that 30-40% had mild non-insulin-dependent diabetes; this is due to low insulin sensitivity caused by obesity and overeating. If diet therapy is used early and weight is controlled, insulin sensitivity can be restored quickly.