What is the cause of sudden shock? Consider three aspects

Generally speaking, if people suddenly feel like going into shock, they need to quickly find out the cause and treat it accordingly. So, what causes sudden shock?

1. Hypovolemic shock

Hypovolemic shock is a deficiency of intravascular volume, which causes insufficient ventricular filling and reduced cardiac volume. If increasing the heart rate still cannot compensate, it can lead to a decrease in cardiac output.

(1) Hemorrhagic shock refers to a syndrome in which massive blood loss leads to a rapid decrease in effective circulating blood volume, causing peripheral circulatory failure. Generally, the body can compensate when blood loss is less than 10% of the total blood volume within 15 minutes. If the rapid blood loss exceeds about 20% of the total blood volume, shock can occur.

(2) Burn shock Large-area burns, accompanied by massive loss of plasma, can cause burn shock. Shock is associated with pain and hypovolemia in the early stages, and may be followed by infection in the late stages, developing into septic shock.

(3) Traumatic shock: This type of shock is associated with pain and blood loss.

2. Vasodilatory shock

Vasodilatory shock is usually due to intravascular volume depletion caused by vasodilation, with normal or increased circulating blood volume but inadequate cardiac filling and tissue perfusion.

(1) Septic shock is one of the most common types of shock in clinical practice, with Gram-negative bacteria being the most common infection. According to the characteristics of hemodynamics, it is divided into two types: hypodynamic shock (cold shock) and hyperdynamic shock (warm shock).

(2) Anaphylactic shock: When a sensitized body comes into contact with an antigenic substance again, a strong allergic reaction may occur, causing the capacitance vessels to dilate, capillary permeability to increase, and diffuse non-fibrin thrombi to appear. A drop in blood pressure and poor tissue perfusion may affect multiple organs.

(3) Neurogenic shock: Acute damage to the sympathetic nervous system or drug blockade can cause dilation of the arterioles innervated by the affected nerves, increase blood volume, and lead to relative hypovolemia and a drop in blood pressure. This type of shock has a good prognosis and can often heal on its own.

3. Cardiogenic shock

Cardiogenic shock refers to a state of insufficient effective circulating blood volume, low perfusion and hypotension caused by a rapid decrease in cardiac output due to impaired cardiac pump function or damaged cardiac blood flow outflow tract and insufficient compensatory vasoconstriction. Cardiogenic shock includes shock caused by heart disease, cardiac compression or obstruction.