What are the key points in nursing care for hemiplegic patients? How to care for patients with hemiplegia?

Hemiplegia, also known as half of the body paralysis, refers to the movement disorder of the upper and lower limbs, facial muscles and lower part of the tongue muscles on one side. It is a common symptom of acute cerebrovascular disease. The harm and psychological impact caused by hemiplegia to patients is enormous. So how should hemiplegic patients be cared for?

1. Psychological care

Hemiplegic patients develop various psychological states such as pessimism, disappointment, and depression due to their slow recovery and limited activities. Therefore, when caring for such patients, we should be compassionate and patient, respect and care for them, avoid words and actions that stimulate and damage the patient's self-esteem; guide patients to face the disease correctly, overcome impatience and pessimism, avoid excessive dependence, enhance patients' self-care ability and confidence, enable them to muster the courage to live, actively cooperate with treatment and engage in self-training.

2. Prevent complications

Pressure ulcers are a common complication in paralyzed patients. Therefore, we actively publicize the importance of preventing pressure sores from the moment the patient is admitted to the hospital, formulate measures, establish turning cards, and insist on turning the patient over every 2 hours day and night. When turning critically ill patients over, we first straighten out various tubes and wires. The patient's bony prominences are protected with sponges and cotton loops. Keep your skin clean and dry. Passive limb movement and massage to prevent deep vein thrombosis.

3. Manage the ward environment well

Paralyzed patients have low resistance and are easily infected by various viruses and bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of disinfection and cleaning of the ward, ventilate regularly, keep the air fresh, reduce the flow of visitors, and keep the ward environment quiet, clean and tidy. These measures can effectively prevent cross infection and create a good treatment and rest environment for patients.

4. Keep the patient clean

Patients admitted to the hospital are given hygiene treatment within 24 hours, including thorough cleaning of the hair, facial features, skin all over the body, perineum, nails, etc. Severe patients are required to wash their entire body every day, maintain the "three short and nine clean" principles, and wear loose and comfortable patient clothing. These meticulous tasks play an important role in the treatment and recovery of patients.

5. Keep the bed unit clean

When paralyzed patients suffer from incontinence, it is particularly important to keep the bed unit clean, comfortable and tidy. Bedding should be changed regularly. If it is contaminated with sweat, vomit, body fluids, or feces, it should be changed immediately to avoid moisture and dirt from causing negative damage to the patient.

6. Take good care of urination and defecation

Because paralyzed patients are bedridden and eat less, their gastrointestinal motility is slow, making them prone to constipation, dry stools and other problems. If too much force is used during defecation, rebleeding is likely to occur. Sometimes the patient is unconscious and grabs the feces with his hands, making the nursing work passive. In order to make the patients clean and comfortable, five suppositories can be used and a medium-sized rectal tube can be used for enema, which is very effective. According to the plan, most of the patients' bowel problems are dealt with during the day to prevent the patients from suffering from defecation due to the lack of nursing staff in the middle and night shifts. At the same time, the patients can get enough sleep, which is conducive to their recovery. When using a urinary catheter for a long time, the bladder should be flushed twice a day and the drainage bag should be changed daily.

7. Pay attention to safety and prevent falling out of bed

Patients who are restless and have mental symptoms should be appropriately restrained and protected, and the wards should be patrolled in a timely manner to prevent them from falling out of bed and getting injured. Provide additional bed guards for patients who are in a trance or unconscious, and take shift handovers seriously.

8. Ensure the patient's water and nutrition intake

Nutritional intake is the basis for patients to enhance their body resistance and promote their appetite. For patients who cannot eat, nasogastric feeding is used to ensure nutrition.

9. Keep the ward quiet to avoid emotional fluctuations of patients

Minimize visits from relatives and friends of patients and let patients maintain a regular schedule.

10. Observe the condition in time

Observing the condition of the patient is the prerequisite for diagnosis, treatment and nursing. Timely observation of the condition can enable the patient to be diagnosed and treated in time as soon as possible. On the contrary, delayed diagnosis and treatment may even cause the patient to lose the opportunity for rescue. Be familiar with the methods and experience of observing the condition of the patient and conduct inspections frequently.