How to prevent acute aplastic anemia? What are the key points of nursing?

Acute aplastic anemia has an acute clinical onset, with progressive worsening of anemia, often accompanied by severe infection and visceral bleeding. Peripheral blood hemoglobin decreases rapidly. Acute aplastic anemia develops rapidly, is severe, and progresses rapidly. So how can we prevent it?

prevention

1. Avoid infection, especially cold symptoms. Viral infection is also clinically diagnosed as one of the causes of aplastic anemia. The most common one is the hepatitis virus. Clinical observation shows that aplastic anemia is more common in non-A, non-B hepatitis, and has nothing to do with hepatitis A. Some patients with aplastic anemia have a history of cold before the onset of the disease, which shows that some aplastic anemia may be secondary to the common cold.

2. Medication should be used scientifically and must be taken strictly in accordance with relevant medication instructions. Do not increase or decrease the dosage on your own. It is best to consult relevant experts for guidance on medication. If necessary, observe changes in blood counts so that the medication can be stopped in time. Avoid exposure to harmful chemicals such as benzene. There are reports of excessive consumption of saccharin leading to aplastic anemia, so it is advisable to consume less saccharin. Suffering from nutritional anemia, active treatment should be sought to prevent it from developing into aplastic anemia.

3. Avoid long-term contact with high-radiation materials. If the human body is in a high-radiation environment for a long time, it will lead to a decrease in the body's red blood cells, which will then induce blood diseases. Therefore, friends who work with radiation for a long time must strictly abide by the operating system and strengthen protection. This can reduce the chance of aplastic anemia and avoid excessive exposure. Chemical substances, especially drugs, are the most common factors that cause aplastic anemia, so we must pay attention to the rational use of drugs.

Nursing points

Acute aplastic anemia has an acute onset, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. Excellent nursing care can alleviate the patient's pain and better prevent the occurrence of complications. It plays an important role in rescuing patients and prolonging the life of patients with acute aplastic anemia. The following are the nursing measures for acute aplastic anemia:

1. During the acute phase, the patient must strictly rest in bed. Appropriate activities can be resumed after the condition stabilizes.

2. Pay attention to your diet choices: choose foods that are high in protein, rich in vitamins and easily digestible. Patients with high fever or gastrointestinal bleeding should choose a residue-free semi-liquid or liquid diet, such as porridge, noodles, etc. Fasting should be avoided in case of severe gastrointestinal bleeding.

3. Pay attention to psychological care: Because the onset of the disease is acute and the condition is serious, the patient has a heavy mental burden, so psychological care is extremely important. The patient's relatives and medical staff should care and show consideration for the patients and encourage them to build confidence in overcoming the disease. Provide careful and patient explanations so that patients can actively cooperate with treatment and nursing.

4. Pay attention to keeping the oral cavity clean: ask the patient to rinse the mouth after meals, drink plenty of water, and use mouthwash containing antibiotics when necessary. If there are ulcers or inflammation in the mouth, you can apply ointment locally.

5. Maintain good hygiene for the patient: Because sweating, fever, and skin boils may occur, attention should be paid to skin hygiene, bathe the patient frequently, and change underwear. Patients who are bedridden for a long time should be turned over regularly to prevent bedsores.