Brain injury rehabilitation training methods, adhere to training and recover early

Brain trauma is a huge injury to the brain caused by external force. Generally, some of the damage caused is permanent, and sensation, vision and hearing will be impaired. Rehabilitation exercises should be carried out in time. It is important that family members can accompany patients to carry out targeted exercises.

1. Rehabilitation Nursing

1. Patients with brain trauma are more likely to develop sequelae of intellectual disability. It is necessary to strengthen basic care and training on daily life, personal hygiene, diet, sleep, etc. Especially for those who cannot take care of themselves, they should be trained in living habits to prevent their mental state from further deteriorating. Unless the patient has severe dementia, bowel movements should be guided regularly to develop a habit of regular bowel movements.

2. Limb massage should start from the distal joints and should start in the direction of the normal limb function, with passive movement first. At the beginning, the patient is reluctant to move due to pain. At this time, he should be comforted, encouraged and slightly forced. Start with short, small exercises and gradually increase the amount. Early resumption of independent activities should be encouraged.

3. For aphasia patients, adhere to the principle of starting from easy to difficult, step by step, repeated practice, and perseverance. Start with the patient's least damaged speech function, such as using gestural speech, eye contact, gestures, etc. to communicate. Then use specific objects, single words, vocabulary, and short sentences for training. When doing speech training, pronunciation practice should start as early as possible. In the intelligent training process, operational training should be carried out as early as possible.

2. General Care

Pay attention to the quietness of the room, dim the light, and reduce all interference to the patient. For patients in the chronic stage, try to encourage them to take care of themselves and do what they like. Enhance patients' sense of responsibility and enable them to maintain confidence in life. Maintain regularity in daily life, diet and sleep. Gradually develop good living habits. Patients with mental symptoms should be careful to avoid various factors that trigger mental symptoms. Provide adequate nutrition and water according to the patient's condition, and provide nasogastric or intravenous hypernutrition if necessary.

3. Daily care

1. Pay attention to the quietness of the room, dim the light, and reduce all interference to the patient.

2. When the patient's memory and intelligence are impaired, it is difficult for him to express his symptoms, so the symptoms are hidden, atypical and coexistent. The changes in the condition need to be observed comprehensively and carefully.

3. Do not change the original lifestyle habits of patients in the chronic stage. For example, getting up early, washing, eating, and placing items can all be done naturally. Try to encourage individuals to take care of themselves and do what they like. Enhance the patient's sense of responsibility, such as being responsible for opening and closing the doors and windows of his or her own room, cleaning the bedside table, sweeping the floor, etc., so that he or she can maintain confidence in life.

4. Maintain regularity in daily life, diet and sleep. Gradually develop good living habits.

5. Patients with mental symptoms should be careful to avoid various factors that trigger mental symptoms.

6. Provide adequate nutrition and water according to the condition of the patient, and provide nasogastric feeding or intravenous hypernutrition if necessary.