Can rabies be transmitted indirectly?

Rabies is a disease that can be transmitted indirectly. Although the patient has no symptoms during the incubation period, as the bacteria multiply, they will slowly invade the body and cause multiple infections. Although rabies is not indirectly transmitted at the beginning, it can also be transmitted through various means such as secretions. The transmission time is different and special attention needs to be paid.

(i) During the reproductive period in local tissues, after the virus invades the bite site, it gathers and reproduces at the striated muscle spindle receptor nerve fibers of the wound, and then invades the nearby peripheral nerves. From local wounds to invasion

(ii) During the invasion of the central nervous system, the virus spreads centripetally along the axoplasm of the peripheral nerves at a speed of about 3 mm per hour. After reaching the dorsal root ganglion, the virus multiplies rapidly inside it and then invades the spinal cord and the entire central nervous system, mainly invading neurons in the brain and cerebellum.

(III) During the period of spread to various organs, the virus spreads centrifugally from the central nervous system to the peripheral nerves, invading various tissues and organs, especially damaging the salivary nerve nuclei, glossopharyngeal nerve nuclei and hypoglossal nerve nuclei. Clinically, symptoms such as hydrophobia, dyspnea and dysphagia may occur. Increased salivation and sweating are caused by stimulation of the sympathetic nerves. Damage to the vagus ganglia, sympathetic ganglia and cardiac ganglia can cause cardiovascular dysfunction or sudden death in patients.

Mode of transmission 1. Infection through broken skin and mucous membranes:

(1) Bites or scratches. The vast majority of rabies cases are caused by bites or scratches from dogs or cats.

(2) Infection occurs during the slaughter and skinning process of dogs, cats and other animals.

(3) Infection occurs when animals such as dogs and cats lick their wounds or anuses.

(4) Dogs, cats and other animals excrete contaminants containing the virus, causing skin injures and infections.

(5) When caring for a patient, hands may be contaminated by the patient's saliva and become infected through the wound.

(6) Kissing dogs, cats and other animals can cause infection through the oral mucosa.