How is myocardial ischemia caused?

Myocardial ischemia is a type of peripheral cardiac disease. There are many causes of this disease, such as low blood pressure, insufficient blood supply to the arteries, and myocardial lesions. This disease has a great impact on the human body. People will easily feel tired, dizzy, nauseous and vomiting, etc., and need to take active measures to treat it. Let's take a detailed look at how myocardial ischemia is caused.

1. Main reasons

There are many reasons that can cause myocardial ischemia. Low blood pressure, reduced blood supply to the aorta, and obstruction of coronary arteries can directly lead to reduced blood supply to the heart. Heart valve disease, changes in blood viscosity, and myocardial lesions can also reduce blood supply to the heart. The most common cause is coronary atherosclerosis, followed by inflammation (rheumatic, syphilitic, Kawasaki disease and thromboangiitis obliterans, etc.), spasm, embolism, connective tissue disease, trauma and congenital malformations.

2. Risk factors

Epidemiological studies have found that important risk factors associated with atherosclerosis are hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity, and advanced age.

treat

[Treatment policy]

The purpose of treatment for this disease is to relieve symptoms, reduce the incidence of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and delay the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions.

[Drug treatment]

① Antiplatelet drugs: If there are no contraindications, they should be taken for a long time. Commonly used drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel, etc.; ② β-receptor blockers: The first choice for stable angina pectoris. They can complement each other when used with nitrates. Generally, they should start with a small dose and adjust the dose according to the treatment response and heart rate changes; ③ Calcium ion antagonists: Commonly used drugs include verapamil, nifedipine, etc.

[Surgical treatment]

For patients with complex multivessel disease and unprotected left main coronary artery disease, surgical coronary artery bypass grafting can be chosen for treatment.

[Other treatments]

Coronary artery intervention has the characteristics of less trauma, quick recovery and short hospitalization time, and has become an important means of treating this disease. For patients with typical or unstable symptoms, unsatisfactory drug treatment, and non-invasive examinations indicating myocardial ischemia, coronary angiography is recommended, and stent implantation is performed if necessary.

[Prognosis]

Active treatment can prevent and control the progression of lesions and even reverse them.

[Daily Care]

1. Develop good living habits, keep your emotions stable, avoid extreme joy or sorrow, maintain adequate sleep, have regular bowel movements, avoid overwork, do not read tense or scary novels or watch TV before going to bed, quit smoking and drink less, avoid heavy physical labor or sudden exertion, and do not exercise after a full meal. 2. Exercise moderately. Exercise should be chosen according to one's own physical condition and interests and hobbies, and should be done within one's ability.

[ Dietary adjustment]

The diet should be light, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; eat some lean meat and fish appropriately. Eat less greasy or high-fat food; food should not be too salty; drink less caffeinated beverages.