Hyperactive bone marrow

Everyone knows that the bone marrow has the function of hematopoiesis. Under normal circumstances, the bones are in a hematopoietic state. When the bone marrow hyperplasia is extremely active or extremely low during examination, it means that the bone marrow is suffering from disease. When the bone marrow hyperplasia is extremely active, it is very likely that the patient has a blood disease such as leukemia. At this time, further examination and active treatment are required.

Hyperactive bone marrow

Bone marrow proliferation is extremely active, which is mainly seen in acute and chronic leukemias, and occasionally in certain proliferative anemias. First go to the hospital for diagnosis and determine what type of leukemia you have, and then receive differentiated treatment.

Symptoms of leukemia

1. Fever

It is one of the most common symptoms of leukemia, manifested as varying degrees of fever and fever type. The main cause of fever is infection, among which pharyngitis, stomatitis and perianal infection are the most common, and pneumonia, tonsillitis, gingivitis, perianal abscess, etc. are also common. Ear inflammation, enteritis, carbuncle, pyelonephritis, etc. can also be seen. In severe cases, sepsis and septicemia may occur. Fever can also be a symptom of acute leukemia itself, without any signs of infection.

2. Infection

Bacteria are the most common pathogens. In the later stages of the disease, the possibility of fungal infection gradually increases due to long-term subnormal granulocyte counts and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although viral infections are rare, they are dangerous and require attention.

3. Bleeding

Bleeding sites can be found all over the body, with the skin, gums, and nasal bleeding being the most common. There may also be retinal bleeding, ear bleeding, and massive bleeding in the brain, digestive tract, respiratory tract, and other internal organs. Excessive menstrual bleeding is also common in women and may be the first symptom.

4. Anemia

It can appear early. In a few cases, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may appear months or years before diagnosis and then develop into leukemia. Patients often have symptoms such as fatigue, pale complexion, palpitations, shortness of breath, and lower limb edema. Anemia can be seen in various types of leukemia, and is more common in elderly patients.

5. Bone and joint pain

Leukemic infiltration of the bones and periosteum causes bone pain, which may be diffuse pain in the limbs or back or limited to joint pain, often leading to difficulty in movement. More than 1/3 of patients have sternal tenderness, which is helpful in the diagnosis of this disease.

6. Enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes

Mild to moderate hepatosplenomegaly is the most common. The incidence of hepatosplenomegaly is higher in ALL than in AML, and splenomegaly is more common and more pronounced in chronic than in acute leukemia. Lymph node enlargement is also more common in ALL than in AML, and may involve superficial or deep lymph nodes such as the mediastinum, mesentery, and retroperitoneum.