Why is there black liquid coming out from below?

For women, there are many reasons for the discharge of black fluid from private parts, among which pelvic inflammatory disease is the most common cause of this symptom. After the above symptoms appear, female patients must first determine whether it is pelvic inflammatory disease based on the symptoms, and then go to the hospital for detailed examination and treatment to recover as soon as possible. Below, we will introduce the symptoms and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease in detail!

What is pelvic inflammatory disease?

Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to a group of infectious diseases of the female upper reproductive tract, mainly including endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and pelvic peritonitis. Inflammation can be limited to one part or affect several parts at the same time, with salpingitis and salpingo-oophoritis being the most common.

Pelvic inflammatory disease often occurs in sexually active, menstruating women. It rarely occurs in women before menarche, women who have no sexual life, and women after menopause. Even if it occurs, it often spreads inflammation to adjacent organs. If pelvic inflammatory disease is not treated promptly and thoroughly, it can lead to infertility, tubal pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, and repeated inflammatory attacks, which will seriously affect women's reproductive health and increase the family and socioeconomic burden.

What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease?

Pelvic inflammatory disease may have different clinical manifestations depending on the severity and extent of the inflammation. In mild cases, there may be no obvious symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease, or gynecological examination may only reveal cervical lifting pain, uterine body tenderness or adnexal tenderness. In severe cases, the patient may have flushed face, fever, accelerated heart rate, tenderness and rebound pain in the lower abdomen, tense abdominal muscles, and even abdominal distension, weakened or disappeared bowel sounds, etc.

How is pelvic inflammatory disease treated?

Pelvic inflammatory disease is mainly treated with antibiotics and, if necessary, surgery. Antibiotic treatment can eliminate pathogens, improve symptoms and signs, and reduce sequelae. With active treatment with appropriate antibiotics, most pelvic inflammatory disease can be completely cured.

Principles of antibiotic treatment: empirical, broad-spectrum, timely and individualized. It is reasonable to select antibiotics based on susceptibility testing, but antibiotic treatment usually needs to be given before laboratory results are available, so initial treatment is often selected based on experience.

Since the pathogens of pelvic inflammatory disease are mostly Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia, and mixed infections of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are divided into Gram-negative and Gram-positive, the choice of antibiotics should cover the above pathogens, and broad-spectrum antibiotics and combination drugs should be selected. Timely medication within 48 hours of diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease will significantly reduce the occurrence of sequelae. The specific selection plan is based on comprehensive considerations such as hospital conditions, patient acceptance, drug effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.