Symptoms of white spots on skin

Vitiligo is a relatively common disease. It is an acquired localized depigmentation, which means that the body's melanocytes will disappear. Although the mechanism of the disease is not particularly clear at present, it is very harmful to patients. It often causes the appearance of white spots and is indeed difficult to treat. Let's take a look at some of the symptoms of vitiligo on the skin.

Symptoms of white spots on skin

1. Localized type (1) Focal type: one or more white spots are limited to one area but are not distributed segmentally; (2) Unilateral type (segmental type): one or more white spots are distributed segmentally and suddenly disappear at the midline; (3) Mucosal type: only the mucosa is affected. 2. Scattered type (1) Common type: widespread and scattered white spots; (2) Facial acral type: distributed on the face and limbs; (3) Mixed type: mixed distribution of segmental type, facial acral type and/or common type.

treat

1. Hormone therapy (1) Systemic therapy is mainly suitable for patients with generalized progressive vitiligo. Oral or intramuscular injection of hormones can stabilize progressive vitiligo as quickly as possible. (2) Local treatment: Topical corticosteroids are effective in treating localized vitiligo, but attention should be paid to the adverse reactions caused by long-term use of topical corticosteroids. Commonly used drugs in clinical practice include halometasone ointment, mometasone furoate cream, etc. 2. Phototherapy and photochemotherapy (1) Phototherapy with narrowband ultraviolet (NB-UVB) has a certain effect in treating localized or generalized vitiligo. (2) Photochemotherapy (PUVA): For localized vitiligo, topical application of furanocoumarins (8-MOP, psoralea corylifolia tincture) + sun exposure is a good treatment option and can be used in adults and children over 5 years old. 3. Transplantation therapy is suitable for patients in the stable period, with few skin lesions in the past few days and no scar-causing constitution. Commonly used methods include autologous epidermal transplantation, microskin graft transplantation, autologous cultured melanocyte transplantation, etc. 4. Immunosuppressants: For areas that are not suitable for the use of hormones, or to avoid adverse reactions to long-term use of hormones, topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus) have certain effects. 5. Vitamin D3 derivatives Vitamin D3 derivatives can be combined with NB-UVB, PUVA, etc. for treatment. It can also be combined with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors.