Bone marrow puncture site

I believe that many people do not know where the bone marrow puncture site is. This will bring certain troubles to our relief of bone marrow hyperplasia, so you can learn about the following content. The main site for bone marrow puncture is the hip bone, which is the bony protrusion above the buttocks. This area contains a relatively high amount of bone marrow. Using these sites for bone marrow puncture can effectively treat myelohyperplasia.

The puncture site is generally the anterior superior iliac spine of the pelvis, commonly known as the hip bone; the posterior superior iliac spine, which is the bony protrusion on both sides of the sacrum and above the buttocks, can also be selected. The bone surfaces at these two locations are relatively flat, easy to fix, and convenient and safe to operate. The manubrium of the sternum is also an ideal puncture site, the so-called anterior heart area, where the bone marrow is rich and the bone is thin. When puncturing this area, some patients feel afraid of the puncture operation and rarely choose it. For infants and young children under 2 years old, the procedure is usually performed on the anterior and inferior part of the tibial tuberosity of the calf. Because hemophilia patients have a bleeding tendency, bone marrow puncture is clinically prohibited. Also, avoid puncture sites where there is infection on the skin.

Some people are afraid that bone marrow puncture is painful, which is unnecessary. There is a little pain when local skin and periosteum anesthesia is performed before puncture, but the pain disappears soon after the anesthetic takes effect. If bone marrow puncture is performed correctly, there is no danger and no sequelae. Some diseases, especially some blood diseases, are difficult to diagnose without this test. If the condition requires, you should do it without hesitation. Even if the examination shows that the bone marrow is normal, you can be relieved of the mental burden of the illness by ruling out blood diseases. Therefore, don't worry about bone marrow puncture.

Why do some patients need multiple punctures?

Because different diseases have different degrees of bone marrow proliferation and the proliferation is also uneven, sometimes it is difficult to draw an accurate conclusion in one puncture. For example, aplastic anemia often requires multiple punctures in multiple locations; some patients have low bone marrow proliferation, and it is sometimes inevitable that the bone marrow will mix with peripheral blood during puncture, causing dilution and requiring re-puncture; some patients, such as myelofibrosis, have their bone marrow replaced by fibrous tissue, which often leads to dry extraction and no bone marrow can be extracted after multiple punctures; and some patients, such as leukemia, need to have their bone marrow rechecked after each course of treatment, and often need to undergo bone marrow punctures more than a dozen times a year.

What should I pay attention to after bone puncture?

After bone puncture, the puncture site should be covered with a sterile dressing and pressed for 5 to 10 minutes. Do not wash the puncture site with water within 3 days after the operation to prevent infection. Remove the dressing after 72 hours. Pay attention to observe whether there is bleeding or exudation at the puncture site. If bleeding or exudation is found, notify the nurse in time and change the dressing.