Hysteroscopy

The human body is a complex big family with many members. It is because of the close and friendly cooperation of these members that the human body can remain safe and healthy. When any one of these links changes, the human body may experience corresponding changes or even develop disease. Therefore, in order to ensure human health, everyone should go to the hospital for a full-body check-up regularly, but many people always avoid it because of excuses such as being busy. Hysteroscopy is a new way to examine human diseases, mainly for women.

The purpose of hysteroscopy is to see whether there is any disease in the female uterine cavity. It is based on the premise of ensuring the health of women. Hysteroscopy is a new medical technology that can quickly and accurately locate the location of the disease in the female uterine cavity and provide symptomatic treatment. So what exactly is a hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy refers to a series of tests and treatments such as examination, diagnosis and analysis of women through hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy can not only determine the location, size, appearance and range of the lesions, but also make detailed observations of the tissue structure on the surface of the lesions, and obtain samples or perform positioning curettage under direct vision, which greatly improves the accuracy of diagnosis of intrauterine diseases, updates, develops and makes up for the shortcomings of traditional diagnosis and treatment methods.

A hysteroscope is an optical instrument used for observation, diagnosis and treatment of the uterine cavity. Hysteroscopes can be divided into diagnostic and surgical types, and soft and hard types. The flexible diagnostic hysteroscope is made of advanced optical fiber. It has a small diameter and can be bent at will, making it easy to observe and diagnose the entire uterine cavity. The examination process is fast (about 2 to 5 minutes), painless, and does not hurt the uterus.

However, hysteroscopy also has certain side effects, such as:

1. Injury

1. Excessive traction and dilation of the cervix may cause cervical injury or bleeding.

2. Uterine perforation: The uterine perforation rate of diagnostic hysteroscopic surgery is about 4%. The American Society of Gynecologic Laparoscopists recently reported that the uterine perforation rate of surgical hysteroscopy is 13.0%. Severe intrauterine adhesions, scarred uterus, excessive anteversion or retroflexion of the uterus, after cervical surgery, atrophic uterus, and lactating uterus are all prone to uterine perforation. Sometimes the perforation is not detected and the surgical procedure continues, which may cause serious intestinal damage. Perforation often occurs at the fundus of the uterus. Laparoscopic monitoring can also reduce the incidence of perforation.

Bleeding

There is usually a small amount of vaginal bleeding after hysteroscopy, which usually stops within a week. Hysteroscopic surgery may cause excessive bleeding due to excessive cutting, poor uterine contractions, or incomplete hemostasis during the operation. Bleeding can be stopped with an electrocoagulator or by compression with a Foley catheter for 6 to 8 hours.

3. Infection

The infection rate is low. Knowing the indications and contraindications, using antibiotics appropriately before and after surgery, and strictly disinfecting instruments can avoid the occurrence of infection.

4. Complications caused by uterine distension

Excessive absorption of distending fluid is a common complication during uterine distension, which often occurs during hysteroscopic surgery and is related to excessive distension pressure and a large area of ​​endometrial damage. If the operation lasts too long, it may easily lead to excessive absorption, resulting in excessive blood volume and hyponatremia, causing a series of systemic symptoms, and in severe cases, death. Using carbon dioxide as a uterine inflation medium can lead to serious complications or even death if the inflation speed is too fast. Currently, a dedicated inflation device is used, and the inflation speed is controlled at 100ml/min to avoid the occurrence of complications. Carbon dioxide uterine distension causes postoperative shoulder pain, which is caused by carbon dioxide stimulating the diaphragm.

Since hysteroscopy has so many side effects, it is best to abstain from sexual intercourse for a few days before and after the examination. In addition, you should also take some antibiotics. Another thing to note is that if female friends have symptoms such as uterine neoplasia, perforation, or are infected with cervicitis or cervical tumors, they should not undergo hysteroscopy.