Cerebral hemorrhage treatment

The phenomenon of cerebral hemorrhage is very common in our daily life. It is all caused by high blood pressure. There are already many patients with hypertension, and they are getting younger and younger. This should attract our attention. Hypertension has a lot to do with our daily lifestyle, especially diet. The serious consequences of high blood pressure will cause cerebral hemorrhage. We should pay special attention to the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage.

The most important causes of cerebral hemorrhage are arteriosclerosis and hypertension, especially hypertension. As we all know, many people around us have high blood pressure, especially the elderly. Cerebral hemorrhage is very harmful to patients. If cerebral hemorrhage is not treated in time, it will pose a threat to life.

1. Keep quiet

Try to avoid moving patients with cerebral hemorrhage. In principle, rescue should be carried out on the spot. Various examinations and treatment operations should be gentle to avoid aggravating the bleeding. Sedatives should be given appropriately to those who are restless, but morphine and pethidine have the effect of depressing the respiratory center and should be prohibited.

2. Keep the airway open

Clear vomit and oral secretions promptly, and perform tracheotomy as soon as possible for those who are suffocating by fat or have symptoms of respiratory obstruction. Oxygen inhalation through nasal cannula, with an oxygen flow rate of 2-4L per minute.

3. Regulate blood pressure

Increased blood pressure during cerebral hemorrhage is necessary to overcome intracranial hypertension and maintain effective cerebral blood flow. Excessively lowering blood pressure will reduce cerebral blood flow and aggravate cerebral edema. Blood pressure should be maintained at 2D. About 21.3/12-13.3kPa. If the systolic blood pressure is greater than 26kPa, 0.5-1.0mg of reserpine or 10ml of 25% magnesium sulfate can be injected intramuscularly or intravenously. If the patient has agitation, 12.5-25mg of azithromycin can be injected intramuscularly.

4. Reduce intracranial pressure and improve cerebral edema

It is the key to treating cerebral hemorrhage. Because brain edema worsens after cerebral hemorrhage, it often reaches a peak within 2-4 days. The resulting cerebral infarction is the main cause of mental death. The most common hypertonic dehydration agent is 20% mannosum 250-500ml rapid injection every 4-6 hours, or combined with 19% glycerol saline drip every 1g/kg once a day. Corticosteroids such as flumethasone can reduce the production of cerebral fluid, lower the permeability of capillaries, stabilize lysosomes, and eliminate free radicals. They should be used within one week of the onset of cerebral hemorrhage, 15-30 mg per day for 5-7 consecutive days. It is best to use it in combination with mannosidase and furosemide. If combined with renal failure, enosemide can be used for intravenous injection to lower blood pressure. Pay attention to the supplementation of potassium salt. The infusion volume is 1500-2500ml/day.

5. Prevent infection and complications

Prevent and treat infections, such as lung infections, urinary tract infections, etc. Prevent complications such as electrocardiogram changes, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, etc. Also pay attention to the balance of water and electrolytes and replenish adequate nutrition.

6. Surgical treatment

For patients whose condition continues to worsen after medical treatment, whose intracranial pressure gradually increases, whose vital signs are disordered, and who do not have serious heart and kidney function damage, surgical treatment can be performed, such as ventricular postural drainage, CT-guided cranial hematoma elimination, stereotactic surgery, and craniotomy to eliminate hematoma.

The treatment of cerebral hemorrhage is an issue that no one can ignore. This disease is the most common in today's society. It is generally caused by high blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure when you are young, you must seek treatment in time. If you cannot control your blood pressure well, it will lead to a series of brain diseases, cerebral hemorrhage being the most common.