Causes of Cardiogenic Shock

Shock is a sudden symptom that we often hear about and can easily lead to death. There are many causes of shock, such as stroke or overwork. Today I will introduce to you cardiogenic shock, which has a very high mortality rate and is also the culprit for sudden death in many heart disease patients. I hope that through the introduction of this article, I can help everyone understand cardiogenic shock and avoid being harmed by it.

1. Extremely reduced myocardial contractility

Including large-area myocardial infarction, acute fulminant myocarditis, primary and secondary cardiomyopathy. Familial storage diseases and infiltrations, familial hereditary diseases, drug-induced and toxic allergic reactions, myocardial inhibitory factors, drugs, advanced valvular heart disease, severe arrhythmias, and terminal manifestations of various heart diseases.

2. Ventricular ejection dysfunction

Including large or multiple large-area pulmonary infarction, papillary muscle or chordal rupture, severe heart valve insufficiency caused by valve perforation, and severe aortic or pulmonary artery stenosis.

3. Ventricular filling disorder

Including acute pericardial tamponade, severe mitral and tricuspid stenosis, atrial tumors or spherical thrombi trapped in the atrioventricular orifice, intraventricular space-occupying diseases, and variable restrictive cardiomyopathy.

4. Hybrid

That is, the same patient may have two or more causes at the same time, such as acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular septal perforation or papillary muscle rupture. The causes of cardiogenic shock include decreased myocardial contractility and hemodynamic disorders caused by ventricular septal perforation or papillary muscle rupture. Another example is the shock caused by rheumatic activity in patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis and aortic regurgitation. This is due to both the decreased myocardial contractility caused by rheumatic myocarditis and the hemodynamic disorders caused by ventricular ejection and filling disorders.

5. Low output syndrome after open heart surgery

Most patients suffer from the inability of the heart to adapt to the increased preload after surgery. The main reasons include poor cardiac function, myocardial damage caused by surgery, subendocardial hemorrhage, or myocardial degeneration and necrosis before surgery, incomplete correction of cardiac surgery, certain anatomical changes caused by arrhythmia surgery, such as left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after artificial spherical aortic valve replacement, and hypovolemia leading to a sharp decrease in cardiac output and shock.

In addition to cardiogenic shock, there are many other causes of shock, and the symptoms of shock pose a great threat to our lives. If you have family or friends with heart disease or diseases that are prone to shock, remember to give them adequate care to reduce the chance of shock, so as to avoid losing their precious lives to the disease.