What are the adverse reactions of ceftriaxone?

In real life, infusion is a way to treat physical diseases. Infusion refers to a way of injecting drugs through the human veins. Cephalosporin is a relatively common drug in life. Cephalosporin has a good anti-inflammatory effect and can effectively treat physical infections and inflammations. However, some adverse reactions are likely to occur after the infusion of cephalosporin, which can easily lead to gastrointestinal reactions and cause vomiting.

What are the adverse reactions of ceftriaxone?

Most cephalosporin drugs can cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, etc., but these usually occur when the drug concentration is too high or too fast during infusion, and can usually be relieved after stopping the drug.

Infusion knowledge and precautions

1. Have a correct view of “infusion”.

"Infusion" is called "intravenous drip" or "intravenous infusion" in medical terms. Some patients or their families trust "intravenous infusion" so much that no matter the severity of their illness or whether it is necessary, they will always say "two bottles of water (intravenous infusion) will be enough". The idea that intravenous drip is omnipotent, that "the disease is difficult to cure without intravenous drip, and the disease will disappear once the intravenous drip is given", is inappropriate.

"Infusion" certainly has its many advantages, such as rapid onset of drug effects, and certain drugs that are highly irritating to subcutaneous and muscle tissue can also be administered intravenously; the drug solution can be added to "hanging water" and dripped, etc. But "infusion" sometimes brings unexpected troubles:

(1) Prone to infection. If the syringe, needle and the skin at the injection site are not disinfected strictly, it may cause redness, swelling and suppuration at the needle hole, and in severe cases it may cause systemic infection such as bacteremia and sepsis.

(2) May easily cause adverse reactions. The incidence of toxic and allergic reactions to "infusion" is much higher than that to oral administration. Such as infusion reactions, gastrointestinal reactions, air embolism, needle sickness, etc., some of which can cause serious consequences and even threaten life.

(3) Susceptible to infectious diseases. "Infusion" is most likely to transmit hepatitis B, hepatitis C and AIDS through blood, blood substitutes or cross infection (especially in some areas where disposable infusion sets are not yet fully popularized).

(4) It is time-consuming and costly. It usually takes about 2 hours to infuse a bottle of "liquid". In addition, the cost of infusion equipment, instruments and drugs is high. The same dose of the same drug costs several times or even dozens of times more than oral or other commonly used methods of medication.

Therefore, the treatment of diseases cannot rely solely on "infusion". It must be decided based on the condition of the disease and try to minimize unnecessary trouble.

Precautions during infusion.

What is the most appropriate speed for "infusion"? The speed of "infusion" is also very particular. How many drops per minute is the most appropriate? This question is both flexible and complex. Generally, adults should take 50 drops/minute, and children should take 20 to 40 drops/minute. However, in the following special cases, the dosage should be adjusted flexibly according to the patient's condition and physical condition:

(1) For the elderly and children, or those with poor or imperfect heart and kidney function, slow drip is appropriate, generally between 20 and 30 drops. Otherwise, a large amount of fluid will be infused in a short period of time, which will increase the burden on the heart and lead to heart failure or swelling of the whole body due to obstruction of renal excretion.

(2) For patients with heart and lung diseases and liver and kidney dysfunction, try not to give them intravenous fluids to avoid increasing the burden on these organs. If it is absolutely necessary to use it, the amount of liquid injected and the dripping rate should be strictly controlled. The amount of liquid injected is generally controlled at 250 ml to 500 ml, and the dripping rate is controlled within 15 drops/minute.

(3) For patients with severe dehydration or shock due to diarrhea, vomiting, bleeding, burns, etc., the amount of fluid to be infused should be large, sometimes up to 400 ml to 6500 ml/24 hours, and the drip rate should be fast (60 drops to 100 drops/minute), or even faster. If necessary, multi-channel infusion can be used to increase the blood solubility as quickly as possible to promote improvement of the condition. The patient's condition should be closely monitored during rapid and large-volume infusion to prevent circulatory overload and cerebral and pulmonary edema.