Intracranial hypertension syndrome

Increased intracranial pressure syndrome is a common disease at present. Due to different degrees of onset, the effects will be different. At the beginning, there will be symptoms of headache and vomiting, which will generally cause the patient to lose weight and even have symptoms of water and electrolyte imbalance. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to it in normal times and choose the corresponding treatment method based on the judgment of symptoms.

1. Headache

This is one of the most common symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. It varies in severity, being more severe in the morning or evening, and is mostly located in the forehead and temporal regions, and can radiate from the occipital region to the front to the eye sockets. The severity of headache increases progressively with increasing intracranial pressure. Headaches are often aggravated by exertion, coughing, bending over, or lowering the head. The most common types of headache are distending pain and tearing pain.

2. Vomiting

When the headache is severe, it may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Vomiting is projectile and tends to occur after meals, sometimes leading to water and electrolyte imbalance and weight loss.

3. Papilledema

This is one of the important objective signs of increased intracranial pressure. It manifests as congestion of the optic nerve head, blurred edges, disappearance of the central fovea, bulging of the optic disc, and distended veins. If optic disc edema persists for a long time, the optic disc will become pale, vision will decrease, and the visual field will shrink centripetally, which is called secondary optic atrophy. At this time, even if the increased intracranial pressure is relieved, the recovery of vision is often not ideal, and may even continue to deteriorate and cause blindness.

4. Impairment of consciousness and changes in vital signs

In the early stages of the disease, impaired consciousness may occur, such as drowsiness and slow reaction. In severe cases, the patient may experience drowsiness, coma, and eventually death from respiratory and circulatory failure.

5. Other symptoms and signs

Dizziness, fainting, and swollen scalp veins. Children may have an enlarged head, widened or split cranial sutures, and a full and bulging front. The head may make a cracking sound when percussed, and the superficial veins of the scalp and frontal orbital region may be dilated.

6 Headache, vomiting, and papilledema are the three main symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. 1. Headache: Headache is a common symptom of intracranial hypertension, with an incidence of about 80-90%. It is mild at first, then worsens, and is persistent and paroxysmal. It is characterized by worsening in the early morning. The headache is often unrelated to the site of the lesion, mostly in the forehead and both temporal areas. The headache of posterior cranial fossa space-occupying lesions may be located in the occipital area. Patients with acute increased intracranial pressure have extremely severe headaches due to acute obstruction of the ventricular system. Bleeding in the tumor can cause sudden and severe headaches. 2. Vomiting: Vomiting is not as common as headache, but it may be the only complaint of patients with chronic intracranial hypertension.