What causes autoimmune encephalitis?

Autoimmune encephalitis is also a relatively common type of encephalitis. This type of encephalitis seriously affects the health of children and is prone to cause some sequelae. If the condition is more serious, it may even pose a great threat to the life safety of the child. There are many causes of encephalitis, the most common of which are bacterial meningitis and viral meningitis. When a child develops meningitis, he or she must go to the hospital in time for a good examination and then symptomatic treatment.

What causes meningitis?

1. Causes of bacterial meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is caused by an infection with certain bacteria. This bacteria is carried in the nose or body of healthy people. Under normal circumstances, it does not cause harm to the human body. However, people are easily infected by this bacteria when they have a cold because the inflammation of the nose may allow the bacteria to enter the brain. If not discovered and treated in time, it can easily cause bacterial meningitis. Additionally, bacterial meningitis can be spread through coughing or sneezing.

2. Causes of tuberculous meningitis Tuberculous meningitis is a non-purulent inflammation of the meninges caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, accounting for about 6% of systemic tuberculosis. After the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection spreads through the blood, it implants under the pia mater to form tuberculous nodules. After the nodules rupture, a large number of tuberculosis bacteria enter the subarachnoid space. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality rates of tuberculous meningitis have been on the rise. 3. Causes of viral meningitis Viral meningitis can be caused by several viruses, including several viruses associated with diarrhea, one of which may be caused by a bite from a giant vole. 4. Causes of Cryptococcal Meningitis Cryptococcal meningitis can be caused by fungi, the most common of which is Cryptococcus, which can be found in pigeons. Healthy people are not susceptible to fungal-related meningitis, but this is not the case for people infected with HIV, a virus that causes the immune deficiency syndrome AIDS. Therefore, people with AIDS are more likely to get cryptococcal meningitis.

Are there any sequelae of meningitis?

1. Hydrocephalus. When suffering from meningitis, purulent exudate can easily block narrow channels or cause adhesions, causing cerebrospinal circulation disorders and producing hydrocephalus. It is common in patients who are treated improperly or too late, especially in newborns and infants. It is caused by meningeal adhesion and cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorder. 2. Loss of language comprehension and expression ability, cranial nerve damage and paralysis, such as deafness, visual impairment, strabismus, facial nerve paralysis, etc.; 3. Since brain parenchymal damage and adhesions can affect the cranial nerves, meningitis patients may develop epilepsy (epilepsy) after injury. The sequelae of meningitis can also lead to the occurrence of epilepsy. In some patients, it will not occur in the short term, but will appear after several years. It manifests as different disorders of movement, sensation, consciousness, autonomic nervous system, and spirit. Clinically, sudden loss of consciousness, sudden fall, convulsions of limbs, foaming at the mouth or strange noises, and waking up as normal are common conditions. 4. In addition to water and electrolyte imbalance caused by vomiting, irregular eating, etc., cerebral hyponatremia may also be seen. Symptoms include insomnia, convulsions, coma, edema, general weakness, low muscle tone in the limbs, and oliguria.

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