How to treat snake spots most effectively

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a highly contagious skin disease that can cause great pain to patients. If not treated in time, shingles is likely to be transmitted to other people, threatening their health. The incidence of shingles is relatively high in children, and its treatment is mainly drug therapy. Antiviral drugs, painkillers, interferon, corticosteroids and other drugs can be used to relieve symptoms!

Antiviral drugs

Use valacyclovir (valaciclovir) and famciclovir as early as possible. These two prodrugs have higher oral bioavailability than acyclovir, and small doses produce high drug concentrations in the blood. The time required for both to reach antiviral active concentrations in serum through oral administration is shorter than the time required for acyclovir through intravenous drip. Acyclovir (acyclovir) has a strong anti-herpes virus effect, inhibits viral DNA polymerase, and interferes with DNA synthesis. Early application can reduce the formation of new rashes, inhibit pain, stop the spread of the virus, and reduce the occurrence of visceral damage. Oral administration of 200 mg, 5 times/d, for 1 week, can also be used for intravenous drip of 5 mg/kg, 3 times/d, for 5 to 10 days. Adenosine can interfere with the early synthesis of herpes virus DNA; oral administration of 15 mg/(kg·d), intravenous drip once/d, for 10 days. Other antiviral drugs such as acyclovir, ribavirin (ribavirin), and polyinosin are also available because of their low prices.

Pain medication

You can take analgesic, aminopyrine/phenobarbital/phenacetin/caffeine (painkillers), ibuprofen (Fenbid), indomethacin, etc. orally. For severe postherpetic neuralgia, you can take amitriptyline hydrochloride 12.5 mg at bedtime, and increase it by 12.5 mg every 2 to 5 days. Tricyclic antidepressants such as doxepin (doxepin) and imipramine can be used. In severe cases, nerve blocks or paravertebral nerve blockade can be performed.

It has been reported that more severe neuralgia can also be treated with nerve block therapy, which is to first inject 3-5 ml of 1% lidocaine epidurally, and then inject 10-15 ml of morphine compound solution (containing 1-5 mg of morphine), once a day. Helium-neon laser can also be used for local lesion irradiation.

Interferon (IFNα, γ) and human recombinant interferon α-2b

It can be used as appropriate for elderly patients with impaired immune function. It can directly fight viruses and enhance the response of immune effector cells. Human immunoglobulin (0.6-1 mg/kg), measles vaccine (measles live attenuated vaccine) (0.3-2 ml, 1 intramuscular injection), and others such as transfer factor, thymosin (thymosin), etc. can help shorten the course of the disease.

Corticosteroids

If the condition is serious, it can be used early to reduce fibrosis after ganglion inflammation and reduce neuralgia. Generally, prednisone is 30-40 mg/d, and the course of treatment is 7-14 days. It must be used in combination with antiviral drugs.