How to treat flying snake sores

Herpes zoster is a folk name for shingles. Shingles is a skin disease caused by a viral infection. If this disease is not treated in time, it will greatly affect the patient's skin health and may even cause the disease to worsen, causing shingles to spread to other parts of the body. So, how should shingles be treated? The following will give you a detailed introduction!

1. Antiviral treatment

(1) Acyclovir is very effective against herpes simplex, but less sensitive to varicella-zoster. It is effective if used within 3 to 4 days of onset. In addition to oral administration (see the previous section), it can be slowly injected intravenously, 250 mg once every 5 to 12 hours, and one course of treatment is 5 days.

(2) Adenosine (Vira-A) and cytarabine (Ara-C) can prevent viral DNA synthesis and interfere with its replication. Administer within 1 week of onset. It can prevent new blisters and shorten the duration and severity of pain. It is mainly used for elderly and frail patients, but attention should be paid to the drug's damaging effects on the liver and bone marrow. The dosage of Vira-A is 10 mg/(kg·d), and that of Ara-C is 1.5 mg/(kg·d), both are added to 1000 ml of 5% glucose solution and injected intravenously for 5 consecutive days.

(3) Interferon: 1 to 3 million units per day. Intramuscular injection can interfere with the replication process of viral particles and prevent their proliferation. It has a better effect on elderly patients and critically ill patients.

2.Immune enhancement therapy

(1) Transfer factor: 2-4 ml subcutaneous injection in the axillary or groin area can quickly stop the appearance of new blisters, relieve pain, and gradually subside the inflammatory response. If necessary, inject again within 24 to 48 hours.

(2) Cimetidine (cimetidine): 800 mg/d, orally in 4 divided doses. This product acts as a histamine H2 receptor antagonist. Antagonize T suppressor cells to produce histamine-induced inhibitory factor, thereby enhancing the body's cellular immune function.

(3) Normal human immunoglobulin: 0.6-1.2 mg/(kg·d), intramuscular injection, twice a week.

3. Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment

(1) Severe cases should be treated with bed rest and supportive therapy.

(2) Early use of short-term, low-dose prednisone (30 mg/d) can reduce host inflammatory responses and tissue damage, and is especially beneficial in preventing persistent cranial nerve palsy and severe eye diseases. However, it cannot be used for patients with serious complications, such as widespread viral infection, severe tuberculosis or bacterial infection; nor can it be used for patients with contraindications, such as hypertension, diabetes, gastric and duodenal ulcers, etc. Prednisone should be used together with antiviral drugs (such as interferon).

(3) For patients with secondary bacterial infection, antibiotics should be used.

(4) Analgesics (such as salicylates) and vitamin B1 taken orally; vitamin B12 0.15 mg, intramuscular injection, once a day, and vitamin E 100 mg, once a day, taken orally can prevent or relieve neuralgia. Each tablet of carbamazepine is 0.1g. Initially take half a tablet each time, and gradually increase to 3 times/d, 1 tablet each time, with obvious analgesic effect. However, attention should be paid to leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, rash and changes in liver function. The sequelae of neuralgia can also be treated by injection of posterior pituitary hormone, 5 to 10 units each time, once every other day, for 2 to 3 times in a row, but it is contraindicated for pregnant women and people with hypertension.

4. Local treatment

Oral mucosal lesions: If there are erosions and ulcers, you can use disinfectants and antiseptics to gargle or apply, such as 2% to 2.5% tetracycline solution, 0.1% to 0.2% chlorhexidine or 0.1%.