How spider nevi are formed

Spider nevi vary in size. With the naked eye, one can see some dilated capillaries around the nevi, which are similar in shape to a spider. They often appear on the patient's face, hands, etc. Spider nevi are caused by sex hormone metabolism disorders and are related to estrogen levels. Therefore, people who are in adolescence or pregnancy may develop spider nevi. In addition, spider nevi are closely related to certain liver diseases, so you must not take them lightly.

1. Causes of spider nevus

1. Puberty

Especially for adolescent girls, because adolescent girls are at the peak stage of growth and development and have a large amount of estrogen in their bodies, spider nevi may also appear, but this is a normal physiological phenomenon and does not require special treatment. As they age and estrogen secretion gradually decreases, spider nevi will gradually disappear.

2. Pregnant women

Spider nevi are formed due to excessive production of estrogen. The amount of androgen in women's bodies will increase relatively during pregnancy, so spider nevi may also appear on the skin of some pregnant women. Most of them occur within 2-5 months after pregnancy, but no special treatment is needed and they will disappear on their own within a few months after delivery.

3. Patients with liver disease

The liver is the organ that regulates and inactivates the metabolism of sex hormones in the human body. In particular, estrogen secreted by the human sex organs must pass through the liver before its function can be weakened or its activity can disappear. Therefore, when the liver is diseased, its ability to inactivate estrogen decreases, resulting in a large accumulation of estrogen in the body, causing dilation of small arteries in the body and inducing the appearance of spider nevi. Therefore, liver disease is a common cause of spider nevi, among which acute or chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis are the most common.

4. Other diseases

In addition, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and vitamin B deficiency may also develop spider nevi.

Clinical manifestations of spider nevus

Spider nevi vary in size, with the largest reaching 1.5 cm in diameter. The central part of the nevus is raised above the skin surface, and pulsation can be seen when pressure is taken with a slide. The capillaries around the nevus can be seen to be dilated and arranged radially with the naked eye. It is common in areas above the trunk, especially the face, neck and hands, and can also occur in areas of trauma. It is often unilateral, solitary, or multiple. If multiple cases occur, liver disease should be suspected. Similar damage may occur to the lips and nasal mucosa.

3. Examination and diagnosis

Pulsation can be seen under glass slide compression examination, and the capillaries around the nevus can be seen to be dilated and arranged radially with the naked eye. The diagnosis is easy based on the typical morphology of the lesion and the presence of a pulsating blood vessel in the center.

IV. Treatment

1. Physical therapy

The disease can be cured by destroying the central blood vessels using high-frequency electrocautery, diathermy, or carbon dioxide laser, YAG laser, or microwave therapy.

2. Surgery

For patients who still relapse after multiple treatments, local excision can be performed.