What are chromosomes?

The human body begins with a fertilized egg, and the fertilized egg is formed because it gets one chromosome from the egg and one from the sperm. It can be seen that without chromosomes, humans would not exist. In addition, chromosomes contain certain genetic genes, including the genes of the parents, so some babies are felt to look like their own parents after they are born. These are the effects of chromosomes.

The main components of chromosomes are DNA and protein. The structure of chromosomes is actually very complex. It cannot be seen with the naked eye and can only be seen under a microscope.

Chromosomes are polymers formed by deep compression of DNA with genetic properties in cells. They are easily stained dark by alkaline dyes, so they are called chromosomes (chromatin). Their essence is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a structured thread-like body composed of nucleoprotein in the cell nucleus, which can be stained with alkaline dyes. It is the main carrier of genetic material - genes.

Chromosomes are substances in the cell nucleus that carry genetic information (genes). They appear cylindrical or rod-shaped under a microscope and are mainly composed of DNA and protein. They are easily stained by alkaline dyes (such as gentian violet and acetic acid magenta) during cell mitosis, hence the name. In asexually reproducing species, all cells in the organism have the same number of chromosomes; in most sexually reproducing species, the chromosomes of the organism's somatic cells are distributed in pairs, which is called diploid. Sex cells such as sperm and eggs are haploid, and the number of chromosomes is only half of that of somatic cells.

The characteristic of chromosomes is that they are replicable and can replicate themselves during the cell cycle. This ensures the stability and continuity of the chromosomes. This plays an absolute role in the process of human reproduction. The amazing thing is that every organism has the same number of chromosomes in its body.